A Review Of Valentino Marketing Essay

A Review Of Valentino Marketing EssayIn a time when enterprises be fighting to survive and the market is uncertainty and instability for some(prenominal) comp whatever, we see the exp angiotensin converting enzymential interest towards opulence crossroads and cream, but this interest is non only about profitability and brand awareness it is about structuring Valentino products and services offered within the spectrum of luxuriousness.Today companies rely on traditional marketing models such as the 7Ps model but, as leave be seen, these are argued to be insufficient for prodigality products and especially inaccessible luxury products and services. Hence I propose other marketing models which take into account the identity and grade of luxury products in general and the hypothetic position of Valentino in the Indian market. This includes an exposition of ideas, tangibles or intangibles and a complete understanding where the luxury product is offering and the important role Valentino SpA plays in the status of luxury.The smell of this document is to promote Valentino as a classical example of luxury carriage rather than explain the fashion industry specific.2. BACKGROUNDFor everyplace forty years Valentino Garavani, known to all simply as Valentino, has been one of the most prominent names in fashion, creating some of the worlds most de luxe eveningwear and classic designs.Since Valentino released his commencement line in 1959, Garavani Valentino has made a significant impact on the fashion industry. In the 60s Valentino open his first boutique in Paris, introduced his signature Red Valentino and launched its now famous V label. In 1970 he launched his first ready-to-wear line, with boutiques following in capital of Italy and N.Y.In 1986 he won the soaringest decoration possible in Italy, the Calvaliere di grannie Croce. In 1991, Valentino celebrated his Thirty years of fashion accompanied by famous celebrities corresponding Elizabeth Taylor. I n 1998, Valentino and his business partner Giancarlo Giammeti sold their fashion empire for 211 million.In summer of 2008 Valentino shown his last collection and celebrated his forty-fifth anniversary. He is a true fashion icon of the 20th speed of light and has helped shape the image of men and women of the 21st century.Currently Valentinos new notional directors are Maria Grazia Chiuri and Pier Paolo Piccioli.Valentino also is one of the most universal brands in the Valentino Fashion Group S.p.A (VFG).The VFG S.p.A plays a vital role in the world of fashion and luxury, with a rich and well-diversified portfolio of products which includes clothing, accessories, and footwear for men and women.In the world of fashion and luxury, few players have gained the internationalistic fame the VFG S.p.A has achieved. It offers an array of complemental brands characterized by a consoli insured global presence, excellent brand awareness, and unshakable product recognition as* Valentino, fe aturing the prestigious brands Valentino (Couture and ready-to-wear) which products rates are amidst 24.180 Rs. and 558.000 Rs. , Valentino Garavani (Bags, shoes and accessories) which products rates are between 9.920 Rs. and 347.200 Rs. , Valentino Roma (ready-to-wear) which products rates are between and Red Valentino (ready-to-wear) which products rates are between 6.076Rs and 40.920 Rs .* Licensed brands MCS Marlboro Classics and M Missoni, in addition to its own brands Lebole, Oxon, and Portrait.Until 23 December 2009 there was triplet business units, which even included Hugo Boss which was relinquished on that date and therefore no longer a part of the consolidated group. nevertheless VFG S.p.A owns 45% of US brand Proenza Schouler .The VFG S.p.A operates in over 110 countries, with to a greater extent than 1,600 single-brand boutiques and 433 directly-managed shops.The Groups consolidated revenue for the 2008 financial year is approximately 2.206,9 million. More than 13.08 1 employees work in directly controlled companies and branches spread crosswise 28 countries.Over the years, VFG cerebrate has changed. The group now approaches the industry with a fashion-driven focus. It is more interested in offering proposals charged with irresistible value and original designs unlike any other company in the industry to integrate an extensive bod of products and potmarks by converging consumer unique and satisfaction.VFG serves steadily focusing on demands of an steadfastly evolving cosmopolite consumer.VFG pre functions to be the fashion worlds protagonist in the fashion and luxury sectors ensuring the highest quality standards in all market segments its serve pursuing rightness and renewing.3. PESTLE ANALYSIS STANDS FOR VALENTINO.OLITICAL With the end of quota regime on January 1 of 2005, the prospects for Indian fashion industry look upbeat.Terror acts may affect trade negatively.CONOMICAL Due to the India economy growth, consumer confidence is high an d people like to travel by on luxury items.Higher increased of mortgages may affect consumers available incomes.India has among lowest labor costs in the world.OCIAL Indian older women (35+) tend to wear more conservative than younger.Indian women may see Valentino as something to be worn on special occasion.Valentino will offer sign and exclusivity.ECHNOLOGICAL The growth who lives younger lifestyles presents a hidether opportunity to manufacturers technological.Growing popularity of fond networking encourages companies advertise and sale on line.The strength of India fashion industry rests on muscular raw material availability and on the large human activity of skilled human resources.NVIRONMENTAL The EPA, considers many textile (polyester) manufacturing facilities to be hazardous raging generators.USDA considers cotton has a significant environment footprint beca give the use of pesticides.EGAL Inspectors have found clothes manufactured from some countries (included India ) which widespread health risks and fraud from luxury brands.Possible changes in the marketing strategies.Manufactured wreak and product quality law could affect.4. SWOT ANALYSIS VALENTINO STRATEGIC PLANING METHOD.TRENGTHS VFG S.p.A. has strong luxury brand recognition worldwide.Celebrities endorse Valentino on the Red cover events and weddings.Product price is competing with its competitors.Existing consumers target group.Products available on-line (www.store.valentino.com)EAKNESS No strong/ bay windowive campaigns.Prices are higher than other brands present already in India.Prices follow the same rates worldwide.PPOTUNITIES Introduce a curb edition line for clothing perfumes.Raise Brand awareness across the Indian consumer market.Get collaboration with celebrities for limited edition collections.Serve as a sponsor in prestigious events (Miss Universe).HREATS Indian population is not so aware about Valentino.Competitors as Dior or Louis Vuitton are already positioned in India. Indian luxury fashion designers are getting international recognition.Global economic downturn.5. ANSOFF S MATRIX VALENTINO GROWTH STRATEGY.6. MARKETING aggregatePRODUCT Valentino offers to consumers unique, original designs unlike any other company in the industry (because of the brand history) which includes luxury brands as Valentino Garavani (womens foot wear, bags, small fur items, accessories) and Red Valentino (luxury womens wear), in addition perfumes and eyewear.PRICE Valentino Garavani 9.920 Rs. 86.800 Rs. Red Valentino 6.076 Rs. 40.920 Rs.Perfumes 2.480 Rs. 5.490 Rs.Eyewear 11.780 Rs. 18.290 Rs.Valentino is target to single(a) women prices are high but are value for quality, luxury, and exclusivity.PLACE Valentino as a luxury fashion brand must be locate in Indias luxury shopping destination DLF Emporio Mall in Vasant Kunj, spick-and-span Delhi.PROMOTION Valentino must be placed its ads in renamed fashion magazines like Vogue. In coordination with Valentinos press director organize fashion shows and events to create awareness. cultivate Valentino is focus on the demands of an unwaveringly evolving cosmopolite consumer hence Valentino should come up with client service centre, Valentino Boutique, Valentino VIP list. All these facts made with excellence and innovation will develop a loyal relation between the customer and the brand.PHYSICAL EVIDENCE Having Valentino Boutique at the strategic location and associating itself with Bollywood actors and movies and sponsoring high class events will insurance the top publicity possible.PEOPLE From assistants to directors stand for the image of the brand. Hence establish an on-going dialogue between passion, experience, and knowledge will be a must to develop loyal relations.7. PORTERS 5 FORCES VALENTINO fabrication ANALYSIS AND BUSINESS STRATEGY.8. CONCLUSIONThis Marketing Audit is about how Valentino as brand has the potential to lead the luxury industry in India. The analytical tools used in this document have been developed to ensure that Valentino corset in front of the pack in case that it has to battle with the areas of mass and intermediate luxury.This document is hoped that the reader will now have a clearer picture of what Valentino and luxury is and how difficult and important it is to manage a luxury enterprise and its brand.

Mobile Learning In Higher Education

quick eruditeness In higher(prenominal) preceptThis essay put ups the look for make on dis like colleges and universities on the usage of busy lotion in promoting expeditious study or m discipline at heart the premises of the college. It also gives a apprize overview of the fundamental learning returns and few of the challenges that occurred in adoption of the mLearning over the larning do by the ingestion of mLearning than through traditional display case to face instruction or paper based tuition and the current swerve which is cosmos followed. This essay also tells us about what atomic number 18 the various projects or programs or models solelyton all around the world to evoke the mLearning and how m any(prenominal) learn in already implemented mLearning.KEYWORDSeducational applied science, Higher Education, runny Applications, peregrine Learning, mLearning.INTRODUCTIONThe aim of this essay is to investigate the concept of m- instruction and the ti p to which it is being implemented in higher command and to educate the students and institutes that how applied science fucking be servingful in reading the programmes or acquiring the k forthwithledge about the subject of their interest any condemnation anywhere they be situated with the foster of doojiggers such as Smart Phones and the applications atomic number 18 being employ in those Smart Phones.Examples of the winding apps Apples iTunesU, BlackBoard busy, the Amazon Kindle and so forthAlly (2009) stated that bustling instruction is done through the use of radio receiver industrious technology that allows anyone to overture information and learning materials from anywhere and at anytime. As a end point, learners suck in control of when they want to learn and from which location they want to learn.Students and trainers/teachers argon empowered to communicate with each otherwise from anywhere at any time to sh atomic number 18 thoughts or information wit h each other and at the same time they flowerpot opening the learning resources from anywhere at any time to plan the lessons which argon too delivered to the students.Bereiter and Scardamalia(1994) said that the drug users atomic number 50 upload contents such as videos, word file or photos through their s nonty-nosed shouts directly, into the discussion meander just by logging into the thread which is ongoing or they abide create a new thread at any time they want despite of their location. This pull up stakes rise the functions provided by 3rd generation alert phones and help in making the discussion more interactive.Lonsdale et al (2004) roving learning is distinguished by rapid and continual changes of context, as the learner moves between locations and encounters localised resources, services, and co-learners. Informal learning covers any learning that takes place beyond the classroom and formal curriculum, including learning for hobbies, curiosity, personalised d evelopment, biotic community involvement and anyday survival.What is fluid Learning or mLearning?Osman et al. (2010) cited learning by means of radio technological devices that offer be pocketed and utilized wheresoever the learners device is able to receive unbroken transmission signboards.Sharples et al. (2007) argues that learning back up by energetic devices such as cellular ( fluid) phones, man-portable computers, and personal audio players.It has been suggested by Brasher and Taylor(2004, p33-37) any sort of learning that happens when the learner is not at a fixed, predetermined location, or learning that happens when the learner takes advantage of the learning opportunities offered by liquid technologies.Rajasingham (2011) states that an activity that allows individuals to be more fecund when consuming, interacting, or creating information, mediated through a compact digital portable device that the individual carries on a regular basis and has authoritative conne ctivity and fits in a pocket or purse.With the help of vigorous learning portionicipants atomic number 18 not need to sit in the classroom, just similar to distant learning. Because of increase in Mobile Learning, learning has taken a new route that can occur anywhere and at any point of time. Sharples et al (2007) states that Mobile Learning can occur wheresoever people, individually or collectively, have problems to solve or knowledge to sh ar.Traxler (2007) and slightly others secured mobile learning as learning that is wireless and is done with the help of digital devices and technologies that are currently in trend, which is generated to help the widely distributed public, and it is being used by anyone who is trying to learn something remotely. And some of the others define mobile learning by concentrating only on the mobility of learners and the mobility of learning by the means of mobile devices used by learners such as vivid phones.Osman (2010) cited in his article that Traxler (2007) writes so, mobile learning is not about mobile or about learning as previously understood, but part of a new mobile conception of society. Mobile Learning is not only to provide learning to learners whenever they are mobile but it should have the lift out the outdated concepts and the assumptions that were made about learning and how what it can change in the society(also from the technological point of view).Osman (2010) notes that some of the definitions and the understandings for mobile education/learning, which put the fundamental focus on the technologies and hardware, and it doesnt matter that it can be a hold device such as personal digital assistants (PDAs), and mobile device such as Smartphones or Tablets. He also states that These definitions undermine a proper understanding of the uses of mobile technology in learning by confining their explanations and descriptions to the actual physical way in which the technology operates. harmonise to him so me of the definitions puts more focus on what learners experience when they use mobile technologies in education, while others inquire how mobile learning can be used to make a unique contribution to the advancement of education and other forms of e-learning.Ally (2009) writes in his have of Mobile Learning the major(ip) benefit of use wireless mobile technology in his book which is to reach people who live in remote locations where there are no schools, teachers, or libraries. With the help of Mobile technology that can be used by anyone despite of their geographical location which will in turn benefit communities in such places as a result students and determineers will term of enlistment with their families and are not suppose to move for jobs or to go to a different location to learn or to entrance information. He also said that At the same time, business owners, farming workers, and other working sectors can gravel information to increase productivity and improve the q uality of their products by learning about agriculture and there aspects remotely using mobile devices. Finally, because remote access using wireless mobile technology reduces the pack for travel, its use can reduce humanitys speed of light footprint on earth to help maintain a water-washed environment.ECAR (2012) accounted that students value anytime, anywhere access to the Internet. In the most novel ECAR study of students and IT, 78% of students considered Wi-Fi extremely valuable to their academic success. While a wireless telecommunications network is obviously preferable because it allows interaction, updates, hyperlinks, and more, it is still not ubiquitous. The ECAR investigate report Mobile IT in Higher Education, 2011 found that 76% of institutions report good or very good mobile communication signal coverage in the area of our institution. This is a positive trend for on-campus mobile learning however, off-campus access to networks is beta as well.Application Stor e for Mobile Learning in the MarketAccording to a survey done by ECAR in 2011 it states that App Brain BlackBoard website where Stand-alone mobile learning applications are proliferating at an astonishing rate As of September 2011, the iTunes App barge in offered 46,340 apps in the education category, accounting for 9.35% of all apps available as of October 2011, the occur number of education apps for the Android platform (available from the Android Market) was 12,129. Established e-learning arrangings have evolved to offer mobile components, fostering anytime, anywhere access to coursework. Blackboard Mobile is a mobile interface for the Blackboard learning management system that runs on iPad, iPhone, Android, BlackBerry, and WebOS mobile devices.Description about the use of BlackBoard App in Higher EducationMost effective use of this use is to provide the users or learners with the benefit of accessing the information anytime irrespective of their geographical location and enh ance the ways to enrich teaching learning. As a result it gives the students the benefits to run connected to teachers the discussion forum and updated to the information regarding their studies. Everyone will have everything they need right on the mobile devices they wanted just a check away or a touch away from their variety of mobile devices including Android, BlackBerry and IPhone OS. With this application students and teachers can access and upload and download the quintuple format document or information. This application also provide user to create thread or discussion forum to share their thoughts on a particular topic or they can seek help online by situationing their problem in the discussion thread and involve a reply as soon as possible from the ones who are in dumbfound in the thread.Benefits of using a BlackBoard application on a mobile device at just 1.99 a year or 5.99 for lifeDrop Box Integration it helps to stay updated on the android devices or iOS with the content on the phone and their fuddle box account so they can upload as well post that information on to the discussion thread.Mobile Tests students can take online try out which are available on the blackboard and can present the test as well at the same time.Push observation students can receive notifications for new announcements, new graded items, a test being posted, and many other course activitiesAnnouncements this place is where instructors will post the news that students need to know. Students can access them instantly anywhere, anytime.Grades here students can have the access of their marks of their midterms or homework assignments.Discussion is a communication tool which helps to post a topic and all the participants can post their comments in that discussion forum.Content can have the access of all the information related to students course they opted for.Roster this feature provides the access to the roster of the class i.e. class list and can create a group to stu dy.Three basic concepts of Mobile LearningOsman(2010) showed Figure 1 in which he tried to cite the three basic concepts of Mobile Learning.Mobility of Technology means with advancement of technology nowadays the processors of mobile phones are very fast as compared to the earlier smart phones. At present day we can say that there is a tsunami coming in respect of the technology as new mobile phones are being launched in every two or three week of time. Wi-Fi networks are moving the capability as of a home broadband with 3G and now 4G in marketWikipedia states 4G networks promise up to 1 GB per guerrilla transfer speed for walking or stationary pedestrian usage.Wikipedia says that 4G wireless began rollouts in the United States in late 2010, and by 2015 the United States will have the largest 4G coverage in the world.The processing of mobile devices is increase on with that of the networksPhone CPUs, the chips that power mobile computing have recently reached the 1 GHz speed, comp arable to netbooks.Almost every smart phone has sensors for grace portrait depending upon the comfort of the user for example Nokia N8, iPhones etc.Mobility of Learning/ prentice with the help of this it doesnt depend where the user or learner is located he or she can get the access of the information whenever they want to and from wheresoever they are located geographically, for example Distant Learning.The m-learning projects WITHIN HIGHER statement SECTORThrough out the world many projects and programs are going on in development of the mLearning applications and to promote mLearning at bottom the educational institutes among the students and educators or trainers and help them to communicate remotely to share views and data.Projects going on within USAlmost all the colleges and universities are taking Mobile Learning into the account to help learners to get the benefits of Mobile Learning and according to the ECAR query report done on mobile IT, 53% of colleges and universi ties had mobile-enabled at to the lowest degree one service, application, or website in the previous year. Similarly, a 2011 U.S. survey by the Campus deliberation Project showed that 55.3% of public universities, 43.6% of public colleges, and 40.9% of community colleges have spark off mobile apps as of fall 2011.Projects going on within UKECAR (2012) states in their research bulletin that Outside the United States, mobile learning is growing by leaps and bounds. The U.K. MoLeNET program, possibly the worlds largest and most diverse implementation of mobile learning, supply by more than $25 million in funding by government and academia, involves upwards of 40,000 learners in 104 different projects involving 147 colleges and 37 schools.ECAR (2012) states in their research bulletin that mobile learning project called MyArtSpace provided children on school trips to museums and galleries with mobile phones running apps linking multimedia content with the exhibits they were attendin g. The students could take photos, record themselves speaking, and enter notes, which the app because relayed to a website that students could share upon returning to their classrooms.Challenges in adopting mobile learningA major challenge for educators and trainers is how to develop learning materials for delivery on mobile devices. The learning materials should be in manageable learning chunks and should make use of multimedia. One approach is to develop the learning materials in the form of learning objects and then link them to form a learning segment. There are many advantages of using learning objects in mobile delivery including they can be re-used and changed without affecting other learning objects, and they can be stored in an electronic repository for remote access at any time.YouTube (2012) states some of the challenges in a video for adopting Mobile Learning and they are as followFlash player which is in every smart phone but adobe said that they will not give it for e very mobile device.How many devices users should have with them to access the mobile learning?To upload the data or information onto the mobile devices as the data are of heavy size so they are more and are not as good as for a Tablet(iPads, PDAs) more than a Smartphone. change magnitude IN production of Smart phones and iPads then laptops or desktopsThe above get wind tells the increase in the production as well as the change of the smart phones and tablets gradually since the year 1995-2010 as compared to that of a notebook or a desktop.CONCLUSIONThis paper gives a brief overview of some of the challenges and benefits of mLearning within the educational society to improve the outcome for learners and teachers as well. Mobile applications are growing day by day in market to help and support the learners and the teachers which in turn affects the way to communicate and share the information regarding learning perspectives.With the development of the technology the mobile technolog y is also increasing and it has advanced in such a way that mobile have the same chip size of the normal computer so we can use the same device to produce same outcome but it is more portable now and smaller in size. There are various applications like Blackboard Mobile in the market using which we can study on the portable devices such as smart phones, tablets, iPods etc which are smaller in size and they do the same work as a laptop or desktop wherever and whenever it is required to submit or download a document and can edge the deadlines on time.The use of mobile learning is new in education, it is important for learners and teachers to share what works and what does not work in mobile. This is critical because mobile devices are changing constantly with increasing capabilities and there is not full time for everyone to conduct research and complete projects to learn about the best practices in mobile learning. This book is one attempt to give educators and trainers the opport unity to learn from the research and mobile learning projects so that they can general anatomy from where others have left off rather than start from the beginning.REFRENCESScardamalia M and Bereiter C (1994). Computer support for knowledge-building communities. The ledger of the Learning Sciences, 3, 265-283.Chan T, Sharples M, Vavoula G and Lonsdale P (2004). educational metadata for mobile learning. In J Roschelle, T Chan, Y Kinshuk and SJH Yand (eds) Proceedings of the second IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education (WMTE). Computer Society Press. At http//csdl2.computer.org/comp/proceedings/wmte/2004/1989/00/19890197.pdfIEEE (2002). IEEE Standard for Learning tendency Metadata. IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002. NewYorkThe found of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.Mohamed Osman M. El-Hussein and Johannes C. Cronje, Defining Mobile Learning in the Higher Education Landscape, Educational Technology Society 13, no. 3, 2010, 12-21, http//www.ifets infciliournals/133/3.pdfMike Sharples, Josie Taylor, and Giasemi Vavoula, A Theory of Learning for the Mobile Age, in Sage Handbook of Elearning interrogation (London Sage, 2007), 221-247Andrew Brasher and Josie Taylor, Development of a Research Plan for Use of Ambient Technology to Test Mobile Learning Theories, in Mobile Learning Anytime all over A Book of Papers from MLEARN 2004, eds Jill Attewell and Carol Savill-Smith, 2004, 33-37.Watanabe T (2001). cognition management architecture of integrated educational support. In Proceedings of the ordinal International Conference on Computers in Education, Seoul, 12-15 November, 1138-1141.Ally, M. (2009) Mobile Learning Transforming the economy of Education and Training 1-2,Sharples, Taylor, and Vavoula, A Theory of Learning for the Mobile Age, 224.Traxler, J. (2007). Defining, Discussing and Evaluating Mobile Learning The Moving Finger Writes and Having Writ The International Review in Open and Distance Learning, 8, 1-13.Eden Dahls trom, Tom de Boor, Peter Grunwald, and Martha Vockley, ECAR National make of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2011 (Research Report) (Boulder, CO EDUCAUSE Centre for Applied Research, October 2011), available from http//www.educauseedu/ecarThis information comes from the website Mobile IT in Higher Education, 2011 Report, Resources for ECAR Subscribers, Data Tables, available from http//www.educauseedu/ECAR/MobiIelTinHiqherEducation20l1R1238470This information comes from the website Mobile IT in Higher Education, 2011 Report, Resources for ECAR Subscribers, Data Tables, available from http//www.educause.edu/library/resources/future-mobile-learningGregory Dobbin, with Eden Dahistrom, Pam Arroway, and I1ark C Sheehan, Mobile ITin Higher Education, 2011 (Research Report) (Boulder, CC EDUCAUSE Centre for Applied Research, December 2011), 15-18. bear-sized Gains in Going Mobile Slow Movement Towards Cloud Computing, Campus Computing Project, http//wwwcampuscomputincjne tlitem/campus-computincj-2011-biq-qains-qoing-rnobileMike Sharples, Dan Corlett, Susan Bull, Tony Chan, and Paul Rudman, uThe Student Learning Organiser in Mobile Learning A Handbook for Educators and Trainers, eds. A. Kukulska-Hulme and J. Traxier (London Routledge, 2005),139-149.Taylor, J., Sharples, M., and OMalley, C., Vavoula, G., and Waycott, J., (2005) Towards a Task Model for Mobile Learning A Dialectical Approach, International Journal of Learning Technology, circumscribed Issue Interactions, objects and outcomes in learning, eds. P. McAndrew and A. JonesPassey D (1999). Anytime, anywhere learning project evaluation. Lancaster Lancaster University/AAL.Romiszowski, Hows the e-learning gratify? Factors leading to success or failure of an educational technology innovation, Educational Technology, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 3-27, 2004.L. Rajasingham, Critical Factors for Successful E-Learning ACase Study of the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, E-Learn Centre, Internet Interdisciplin ary Institute (IN3), Barcelona, Spain, 2010.L. Rajasingham, Will Mobile Learning Bring a Paradigm commute in Higher Education? (Education Research International Volume 2011 (2011), leaven ID 528495, 10 pages doi10.1155/2011/528495R. Van Eck, Digital game-based learning, Educause Review,pp. 17-30, 2006.R. Shen, M. Wang, and X. Pan, Increasing interactivity in immingle classrooms through a cutting-edge mobile learning system, British Journal of Educational Technology, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1073-1086, 2008.H. Ryu, Designing situated learning experiences, in innovative Mobile Learning, H. Ryu and D. Parsons, Eds., pp. 255-272, Information Science, New York, NY, USA, 2009. C. Quinn, mLearningMobile, wireless, in-your-pocket learning, 2000,http//www.linezine.com/2.1/features/cqmmwiyp.htm.4G, Wikipedia, http//enwikipediaorqwiki4gYouTube (2012). The 5 Big Challenges of Mobile Learning YouTube . July 23rd 2012. Available from http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofBjtGQsfX0 Accessed 3 November 20 12.

French lieutenants woman

cut lieutenants cleaning lady The French lieutenants wo composition The setting throughout the novel is predominantly Victorian. Most of the novels swear out takes back offside at Lyme Regis, Dorset and England. Lyme Regis was one of many small vill advances in southwestward England scattered along the coast. It consisted largely of small houses surrounded by hills on one side and the sea on the early(a). The Cobb was built along the brim and it is a promenade where people could enjoy the sea air maculation taking a walk. A section of the hills, known as the expend Commons, was a meeting ground for most young couples and where Charles and Sarah met separately other clandestinely. Lymes community was close-knit and provincial. Un like the larger metropolitan beas such as capital of the United Kingdom, here people upheld the prevailing societal norms. Un unoriginal look is seen as an aberration and often times a sign of mental illness. The inhibitory norms and the people s insensitive attitude towards Sarah succeed in driving her to Exeter. In the nineteenth carbon, Exeter served the same purpose as London does today. Exeter was nonorious for providing all sorts of terrible entertainment. Brothels, dance halls and gin palaces thrived there. It served as a haven for shamed girls and women, that is to say un married mothers and mistresses who were victims of sexual abuse or social rejects. Due to its s dissolvedalous reputation, many upstanding English kept their distance from such like these places. Social norms were virtually non-existent. For a brief moment the carry out shifts to London where Charles signs his statement of guilt. It is also here that Charles and Sarah meet, after a cardinal-year separation, at the Rossetti residence. The action tends to move back and forth between the Victorian and the late age as Fowles tends to make intrusive comments close the past and the present. He has deliberately recreated a Victorian world so tha t he provoke criticize those aspects of the Victorian era that would seem alien to a innovational reader. It is inte recumbing to note the distinguishable social conditions prevalent in these places and their personal effects on psyches. In this novel, Fowles is interested in the literary genre of the nineteenth-century amorousist or gothic novel and succeeds in reproducing typical Victorian characters, situations and dialogue. only Fowles perception of the genre is touched with typical twentieth-century irony. His thematic concerns range from the blood between life and art and the artist and his creation to the isolation that results from an individual struggling for selfhood. Fowles aim is to bring to light those aspects of Victorian golf-club that would come forward most foreign to present-day(a) readers. Victorian attitudes towards women, economics, science and philosophy ar tackled as minor themes within the main plot. Both women and the working-class are two groups that are revealed as being oppressed two economically and socially in a society that inhibits mobility for anyone who is not middle or upper-class and mannish. These are the social issues that Fowles explores within the guise of a tralatitious romance. The general fancy throughout the novel is somber and turbulent. From the initial chapter, the mood is set. A strong easterly wind is blowing and a storm is plan of attack in. It is in such a setting that Charles and Sarah meet. The atmosphere suits Sarahs enigmatic personality. end-to-end the novel, she is presented as a dark, obscure and intriguing figure. The reader are unconsciously aware that the revelrs, Charles and Sarah, are doomed from the beginning. In several sections, the mood smorgasbords to one of irony and realistic recording of details. Fowles tends to comment on several occult aspects of the Victorian era (e.g. harlotry) in an ironically realistic manner. Until today, the Victorian maturate was seen to be a Golden Age where Reason and Rationality were proclaim as dogma and faith. People were beginning to question the claims that religion do close the existence of God and the beginning of man. Anything that could not be proved through experimentation and science was immediately treated with suspicion. With Charles Darwins The Origin of Species (1859) the scriptural myth of Adam and Eve and the origins of man were shattered. Darwins work created quite an tumultuousness as it succeeded it in shattering the Victorian peoples unquestioning religious faith. The fabricator opens the The French Lieutenants Woman with background information on Lyme Regis, where the story is ab initio set. later that he introduces Charles Smithson, a thirty-two-year-old gentleman and his young fiancee, Ernestina freewoman. Charles Smithson is a male protagonist of the novel. He is a wealthy Victorian gentlemen and heir to a title. He is interested in Darwin and paleontology and considers himself to be intellectually ranking(a) to other Victorian men, as he is one of the few who holds scientifically advanced ideas. He is engaged to Ernestina Freeman moreover he is attracted to the mysterious Miss Woodruff. He is unhappy with the right smart his life is unfolding, yet he is extremely sensitive and intelligent. He is an insecure man constantly analyzing his life. Ernestina Freeman is Charles fiance. She is pretty, coy and intelligent, exactly at times she tends to reveal her youth and naivete. She likes to hypothesize of herself as a modern woman only her attitudes are similar to most of the young Victorian women who behaved in a proper manner. She is auntie Tranters niece and she is vacationing in Lyme when the story begins. auntie Tranter is Ernestinas mothers sister. She is a kind woman who is discernd by her domestic staff because she treats people with respect. She flings to second Sarah when the rest of the town rejects her. Aunt Tranter is an honest woman and lacks hypocrisy of any sort. The action begins in 1867, still the narrator often breaks into the record, noting that the story is being cerebrate in the twentieth century. He does this initially by comparing the Cobb to a contemporary Henry Moore sculpture. The novel jump-starts with Charles and Tinas walk, which is interrupted by the presence of a woman in a dark cape, standing alone at the end of the Cobb, staring out to sea. Tina explains to a curious Charles what she has heard about the woman, known as Tragedy and the French lieutenants woman, and her status as a social outcast. Rumors suggest that Sarah Woodruff was seduced and abandoned by a French naval officer who was shipwrecked off the coast. As she nursed him back to health, he reportedly made promises to her that he will return back to Lyme and marry her. Destitute and rejected by most of the Lyme Regis society, Sarah is taken in by the pious Mrs. Poulteney, who plans to save the young woman in order to master her own s tatus as a worthy Christian. Mrs. Poulteney is a a cruel old woman, who takes great delight in harassing her domestic staff. Her record is exactly opposite to that of Mrs. Tranters. She believes herself to be an upholder of Christian virtues yet in reality, she is a hypocrite who reluctantly helps people only out of a show of charity. Sarah in employed by her in the position of a companion. She succeeds in making Sarahs life miserable by constantly reminding her that she is an outcast. after(prenominal) that Charles has seen Sarah Woodruff at shores while he was walking with Ernestina, the next day, he, whose rocking horse is paleontology, walks through the Undercliff searching for fossils while Tina visits her Aunt Tranter. During his walk, Charles comes across Sarah sleeping in a clearing. She awakens with a start, and, after apologizing for disturbing her, Charles departs. In this moment he does not understand himself that why he was staring and watching at her. Those few sec onds appeared for him for a long time, and he did not want to go forward from that secret place. His departure was because of Sarahs awakening. In my conviction Charles was scared of himself, because he had a specific feeling when he was looking at Sarah. In this scene we brook feel that something has changed in Charles or just start changing inside his soul. The narrator notes Charless growing obsession with the mysterious Sarah. After stopping at a farmhouse to refresh himself, Charles again sees Sarah on the path. She rejects his offer to escort her ingleside and implores him to tell no one that she has been walking there, an exercise that Mrs. Poulteney has forbidden her. The next day, during a visit to Mrs. Poulteneys, Sarah silently observes Charles and Aunt Tranters relief of the relationship between Sam and bloody shame. Mary is the maid in Aunt Tranters house. She is a free-spirited, down-to-earth soul. Sam Farrow, Charles man-servant falls in love with her. He is not content with his present status and wants to climb the social ladder. He is ambitious and he is determined to secure his future with Mary point if he has to blackmail Charles. Charles assumes that he has made a connection with Sarah at the visiting, notwithstanding the next time their paths cross on the Undercliff, she rebuffs his efforts to help her take out Mrs. Poulteneys control. When she insists that she cannot leave the area, Charles assumes that her feelings for the French lieutenant are the cause. After she admits that the lieutenant has married, her conundrum deepens for Charles. Charless curiosity concerning Sarah causes him to ring about the comparatively one-dimensional Tina and his own inevitably and desires. During another walk, Sarah finds him, presents him with two fossils, and begs him to hear her story. After determining that listening to Sarah would be a kind act and a useful study of human nature, Charles agrees to meet with her. Sarah admits that Lieuten ant Varguennes proposed marriage and seduced her, even though she knew he was not an honorable man. The shame that she has embraced as a result has enabled her to separate herself from a society that would not behave her, due to her common birth. Her education had alter her to the inequities of social class and gender, and thus her status as an outcast prevents her from having to conform to conventional roles. During their conversation, Sam and Mary appear, and Sarah and Charles hide themselves. As she watches Sam and Mary embrace, Sarah turns to Charles and smiles. Charles, noticeably disconcerted at Sarahs open expression of her interest in him, abruptly leaves. While I was reading this part of the novel, I did not understand that why Sarahs attitude has changed. At the beginning she rejected Charless help and did not want to talk to him. But everything has changed in this part. In my opinion it is because of Charles. Sarah observed him and realized that he is a real gentleman who has travelled a lot all over the Europe, he has seen several and different cultures, so he is not only a knowledgeable man, but also sensitive and smart. All these reasons lead to the Sarahs claim. She postulate a person who can not only help her but also understand and feel with her. In this case we can say that Sarah is innocent woman, who needs help and a considerate person, but also we may think that she only wants to exploit Charles and organize her life with his help. Charles happens that he is in peril of losing his inheritance and title, which causes tensions with Tina. He later asks his old friend Dr. Grogan to advise him about his relationship with Sarah, who has just been thrown out of Mrs. Poulteneys home for disobeying her orders. Dr. Grogan is an intelligent, friendly man who befriends Charles. The younger man finds him to be a sympathetic listener. Dr. Grogan empathizes with Sarah but finds her sort too outrageous to be taken seriously. He is refreshingly wron gful in his views for a Victorian although he belongs more to an earlier age that was more liberal in many ways. Dr. Grogan adjustly guesses that Sarah engineered this dismissal so that Charles would come to her rescue. Dr. Grogan sympathizes with her situation but believes that Sarah wants Charles constant attention. He diagnoses her condition as a mental illness called melancholia and wants to get her brassalized. Charles, however, chooses not to follow Grogans advice to hang on away from her and meets her the next day on the Undercliff. Charles breaks off an embrace and rushes off, but not before he stumbles upon Sam and Mary who have seen them together. The two servants promise not to tell anyone of the meeting. Meanwhile, Sarah has come to depend on Charles who is himself passing play through a change. He is beginning to question his ages conventions and questioning himself. He urges Sarah to leave Lyme and go to Exeter where she will have more freedom to cash in ones chip s an unconventional life. Sarah takes his advice but Charles cannot forget her. At the same time, he feels conscience-smitten for even thinking about her. He does not love Ernestina and is marrying her totally for her wealth. He thinks their relationship is nothing more than a facade. The Victorian society imposed a great deal of repressive conventions and norms on its people, specially women and the working class. Victorian women were socially conditioned to believe that their rightful place was at home with their maintains and children. A Victorian woman was expected to accept the patriarchal norm unhesitatingly. Her duty was to her husband and children. Only if she toed this social line would she be deemed a proper young Victorian lady. The institution of marriage was often a contract agreement. money often married into a titled family as in Charles and Ernestinas case, thereby reinforcing the dominant societys power. Money and nobility were often the main criteria for a Vict orian marriage. The practice of prostitution was a topic that Victorian archivists rarely touched upon. Most historians up until recently thought that the Victorian age was known for its virtuous and staring(a) qualities yet Fowles novel reveals that even during the Age of Propriety prostitution flourished and thence women were often victims of sexual abuse or social rejects. By large(p) prostitutes a mention in his novel, Fowles is attempting to be realistic about their situation. He is obviously concerned about the role of women in Victorian England and societys preaching of them. As is apparent women of all classes right from the aristocracy to the prostitutes were exploited by society which was largely patriarchal and this practice continues even today. Fowles constantly interrupts the tale by making authorial comments with a twentieth century perspective. The narrative action digresses back and forth from the Victorian Age to the twentieth century in time. Fowles is writin g a novel set in the nineteenth-century romantic literary genre but with a twentieth century perspective. Charles finds the conniption of living a life as a dutiful husband and son-in-law unappealing. He wants to have a more meaningful life, unrestricted by traditions. After that Sarah has moved to Exeter, aided by money Charles has given her, Charles tries to conduct his thoughts to his bout with Tina, but feels as if he is being trapped by her father who wants him to become his business partner. He is tempted to go to Sarah in Exeter but instead returns to Tina. The narrator provides the first of iii deaths here. Charles and Tina marry, along with Sam and Mary, and both couples prosper in a contrived Victorian conclusion. Immediately, however, the narrator insists that this ending is only what has taken place in Charless imagination. Charles does in fact go to Exeter to see Sarah, who seduces him. Charles discovers that she had not been intimate with the French lieutenant. Af ter returning to his hotel, he writes to Sarah of his plans to marry her, but Sam intercepts the letter. After breaking off his engagement with Tina the next day, Charles returns to Exeter but finds that Sarah has disappeared. Charles hires private investigators to find Sarah and departs for America. While he was touring America, he receives word that Sarah has been found. He hurries back to England and finds Sarah living with the Rossettis. She has changed drastically, and Charles finds this difficult to accept. Sarah greets Charles at Gabriel Rosettis home and explains that she has been working as the painters model and secretary. Charles is shocked at how easily Sarah has pass away into the scandalous Pre-Raphaelite group. After Sarah insists that she will never marry and Charles prepares to leave. When Sarah introduces him to their daughter, Lalage, however, the three embrace, suggesting that they will become a true family. It is a conventional ending, which ends happily, but t here is another one ending, which is unconventional. The narrator then reappears, sets his watch back fifteen minutes, and provides the last conclusion to the story. Sarah reasserts her decision not to marry but suggests the two might remain friends and lovers. Charles rejects her offer and leaves, devastated and alone. The first element that moldiness fade into the background is Charless love for Sarah, which has become quite unornamented by his actions in the novel and by the narrators statement in the first ending, nates all his rage stood the knowledge that he loved her still. When, however, in the contemporary ending, Charles recognizes the reality of the arrangement Sarah offers him, he chooses his freedom and dignity over his love for her, recognizing that if he stayed, he would become the secret butt of this corrupt house, the starched soupirant, the court donkey. As a result, he feels his own true superiority to her which was . . . an aptitude to give that was also an inability to compromise. She could give only to accept and to possess him. Although his decision to leave tosses him metaphorically out upon the unplumbd, salt, estranging sea, his experience has enabled him to discover a firm trust in his own character and abilities. Sarahs love for Charles, another element of the first ending, is not quite as evident in the text. Sarah admits, in her own words, that she is not to be understood, a sensible statement since neither Charles nor the reader is privy to her thoughts. Yet while the motivations for her behavior remain enigmatic, she ultimately cannot deny her feelings. When Charles entreats her to admit that she never had loved him, she replies, I could not say that. The reality of Sarahs love for Charles can be in all probability neglected in the second ending when Sarah realizes her give care that she had earlier evince to Charles. She explains, I do not want to share my life. I wish to be what I am, not what a husband, however kind , however indulgent, must expect me to become in marriage. Thus Sarah gains her freedom, but her final response to this condition is unclear from the narrators ironic vantage point, Sarah is too far away for him to see whether or not there are tears in her eyes. I believe that in every women there is a power, which they can use it in two ways in a right way and in a wrong way. Not all women can discover it inside their souls, it needs capacity and ability. In a conventional ending, I think Sarah employ it in a right way because everything ended happily. In the unconventional ending Sarah in my opinion used it in a wrong way because she trapped Charles and exploit him and ruin his life. If she had wanted to be with him, she would not have gone away from Exeter. I think she could wait for him and everything would be all right, but she did not do that. It explains everything her behavior, her thoughts and her uttered words. There are women, who uses their power to do good things, to change our world and make it better. By coming together to support each others goals and dreams, women not only enhance their own lives, they empower others. The true part of Women is that we have within us the power to change the world.

A Research Brief And Research Proposal Marketing Essay

A enquiry Brief And Research proposition Marketing EssayThe Long Mynd afternoon tea leaf leaf Comp any(prenominal) TLMTC is a steer player in the specialty and green tea meter market in United Kingdom. UK, with a market sh are of 63%, is the overlargest tea overwhelming market in Western Europe (Tropical Commodity Coalition). Tea pulmonary tuberculosis in UK was pegged at 31,000 tonnes in the year 2008. Our internal Long Mynd job Intelligence Unit LMBIU has indicated that global supply deficits in 2010 nearly attributed to unappeasable droughts in Kenya and India in 2009 resulted in global tea outlays hitting a historical high in 2009. This resulted in Unilevers PG Tips universe priced 28% high than a year ago, while Tetley was pegged at 7% more big-ticket(prenominal) (Euromonitor).Business IssuesThe indigence for tea in UK has been healthy but insurrection prices in the market locoweed lead to fall in demand especially for specialty tea which is priced slightly hig her(prenominal) than regular tea. TLMTC recognizes the numeral and to counter and differentiate its religious offering we plan to introduce a odd field of fruit, herbal and fruit tea-bags under the brand name animate. inspire offers a unique feature to consumers in the impertinently range of teabags which is the regulate of the bags. The company is planning to wasting disease an innovative manufacturing process to craft the tea-bags in irregular skeletons which involves only minimum wastage. The new bag is designed in a unique flower shape.The growth pull up s grooms be distributed done the existing deli rattling bring of hypermarkets and supermarkets. We will besides affiliation-up with large caf chains to distribute the product.We plan to promote the dump by an bellicose campaign involving magazine and posters in the Autumn of 2011. The get wind message in the ads will be around the unique shape and attempt to tie it to herbal and health connotations. The ads w ill alike carry the message of ripe(p) smack of the tea.Research ObjectivesTLMTC regards to know whether the unique shape of the tea-bag and the savoring of the tea are darling-hearted to consumers.We want to test the hypothesis that the consumers compass the bundle as a differentiating factor.We are also interested in verifying the hypothesis that the penchant of the new product will be true by consumers.The exploration of these aspects will process us make any possible changes to the product and communication. We also call for that consumers will associate the floral shape to herbs and healthiness. The undertake should provide us with a clear fellow feeling of how the consumers perceive the packaging as a differentiator. It should also receive us clear guidelines on what are the positive and negative perceptions about the new pack.We expect to get recommendations in category of a programme of question to guide us through the launch of Revive.DeliverablesWe expe ct to receive a complete musical theme of the explore in 4 hard copies and an electronic version of the address to be submitted at the LMBIU office at our merged headquarters. We also require the investigate agency to submit a PowerPoint show and present it to the market ag assemblage at our offices 1 calendar calendar week subsequently the last(a) subject field is submitted.LimitationsTiming TLMTC wants to have the final report pass water by no later than 3rd week of July 2011. The marketing team would first review and approve the report. T here(predicate)after, the agency would consider to present the anchor search findings to the marketing team latest by the last week of July2011.Budget The budget that we are willing to allocate to the calculate is no more than 60,000. This includes any sum spent on travel and separate activities to finish the project.Location Revive will be launched nationally in UK and hence we want the research to be carried throughout the country in all major cities.Proposal subduedness InformationTLMTC expects a research proposal from the research agency in 2 weeks from the date of receiving research brief. The proposal should be submitted electronically to us, in attention to our marketing manager.Research Proposal for ReviveBy Insights Consulting LimitedBackgroundLong Mynd Tea Company TLMTC, a leading specialty tea company in United Kingdom, is looking to innovate and introduce a unique range of herbal and fruit tea bags under the brand name Revive. To champion them with the exercise, TLMTC has approached the Insights Consulting team to submit a Research Proposal for the topic.We understand that you want to primarily mensurate consumer perception of the flower shaped tea bags, which is basically the prime differentiating factor of the new range, as well as treasure whether the taste of the new range appeal to consumers. Tea is a very versatile and competitive category in United Kingdom and hence a deep unde rstanding of the category in worldwide and consumer spot towards the product in particular needs to be presented in the study (Wilson, 2008). The following outlines our approach to the study in terms of research objectives, image of the analysis, metrelines and budget for the same.ObjectivesTo understand the consumer preference and attitude towards the new brand of tea-bags be launched by TLMTC on two parameters namely consumer appeal for the innovative shape of bags and taste of the product. By means of the study we will provide you with a complete programme of research ( info acquisition and analytics) to guide them through the launch of the product. The report will also provide guidelines on any changes that we reserve necessary to make the product more appealing to the indicate consumer classify. The report will also provide leads on consumer perception that will servicing your marketing team to develop the correct strategy/message to be communicated to consumers thoug h advertisement campaigns.Methodology Research DesignInsights Consulting put ups to conduct the study to gauge the appeal for the taste and packaging among the target consumers. As the product is meant for the health conscious group, research would be carried out among those aged in the midst of 18-55 eld representing unseasoned person adults (18-29 years), Older adults (30-40 years) and nub-aged (41-55 years) consumers.We understand from secondary sources that for the TLMTCs product segment, which is herbal teas, to become master(prenominal) segment there is a need for continued innovation around flavour in order to mitigate the taste of the product. As of now, regular tea is consumed by around 22 million of the UK creation and more than half (56%) have experimented with herbal tea but its taste did not appeal to them (Mintel, 2011).To have a mitigate understanding of the complex consumer preferences, we suggest an optimum conspiracy of both soft and quantitative tests to meet the objectives of the study. Following are the recommended modesFocus assemblage DiscussionsWe give notice to conduct in total 9 Focus group discussions in the 3 major cities of United Kingdom which will provide us with a good representation of the target market London, Manchester and Glasgow, 3 in individually city such(prenominal) that it covers all age bands. The Focus group discussion would be led by a moderator while a panel of experts would be present to measure the emotional/ subconscious responses of the participants. The participants would be first shown the new tea bags and the moderator would direct questions around the first re save of the participants, would they exchangeable to buy and use it, do they perceive the product to be healthy to understand if the health platform will puzzle out for the product, would they be ready to compensation a agiotage for the unique offering, would they include the offering in their daily diet, what would be the likel ihood of repeat purchase and most in-chief(postnominal) of all their suggestions on the product and its unique packaging.Tea is seen as a healthy drink with high antioxidant content which cl heraldic bearings to have slimming effects (University of Maryland, 2010). We understand from other studies that women prefer herbal tea as compared to their young-begetting(prenominal) counterparts (DailyMail, 2011). The FGDs will try to understand this angle as well and try to find if there is a special need of this consumer segment which can be addressed by the product in its current form or with any variants.Taste TestThe participants would then be call for to taste the product and the next round of discussions would be directed to that aspect. It would once a develop judge the first reaction, how they would like to consume it, would they be ready to pay a premium for this experience, etc. It is also very master(prenominal) to assess that the health connotation does not intervene with the taste experience of consumers. The taste test will also provide us insights into how different consumers perceive Revive as compared to the other brands available in the market. The moderator can also test the possibility of certain flavours and variety (Hot/ Iced) which the participants might seek.Projective TechniquesWe also propose to use Projective Techniques in the focal point groups. We will introduce photos and use techniques such as word association and triad person technique. Participants will be asked to look at photos and associate different types of people with the new construct/packaging and taste. This technique would be especially useful since it is a premium product and hence would assistance in measuring whether it succeeds in appealing to the higher sensibilities of the consumers. This will help us understand the motivations of consumers in consume the category. It may also help in forming a platform for promotion message building directed at the target m arket.We appreciate the general feeling that Projective techniques in themselves may not provide any juicy insights and are not considered as method of choice to study consumer motivation, nor do these techniques provide all the tools for such studies. Though they do help a researcher uncover feelings, beliefs, attitudes and motivation which many consumers find difficult to formulate and apologize (Donoghue, 2000). In an experience found category like herbal tea, these techniques will be worthwhile to use.Questionnaire Based SurveyAdministered examines are important to cover a larger s sizable base and also gain information on aspects which cannot be covered through qualitative measures. It would aim at profiling tea drinkers and non drinkers demographically (Revive being a health based premium offering income, age and gender profiling gains major importance), assess their eating habits (and mainly tea drinking habits in case of tea drinkers and probability of drinking tea in case of non drinkers) and shopping habits, price they would be willing to pay for the product and the optimum pack coat for first trials (which would help you in the launch promotions). It would be also important to analyze whether consumers shift from other beverages to herbal tea given its benefits and increase health consciousness (The Observer).The survey questionnaire would be designed based on the above aspects and the inputs we receive in the FGDs. It would include a screener to stop data collection from a representative sample.Alternate TechniquesAn alternative to Focus grouping discussions is Online Focus assemblage discussion. We can also replace the normal taste test with blind taste test. We can also take help of depth interviews to get in-depth understanding of consumers on a one-to-one basis.Online focus Group discussions are hard to monitor and they are quite achromatic to gauge customer reaction, which in a way hinders the qualitative judgement associated with focus group discussions. They are also not a good way to reach non-computer literate consumer base and need spare radix (Wright, 2005). We will also miss out on experiential elements which are essential to a product category like tea. Blind taste tests can be a good medium but here we want to establish the taste perceptions of just our brand and get qualitative feedback on taste comparison. Blind taste test also requires additional product samples to be used which will have additional time and cost implications. Hence we recommend doing normal taste test. Depth interviews are a good option but are costly and time consuming exercise.Given the budget constraint and quick turnaround time of the project we recommend conducting focus group discussion which will dispense with us to combine the discussion with taste test and use our projective techniques as well. Internet and in-venue surveys would help in accumulating additional information through a larger sample thus optimizing resul ts and providing an all round analysis. This combination will provide us with a robust solution on the research front and also help us overcome the various limitations like time and budget restrictions. haveFocus Group DiscussionsTarget population Health conscious people (18-55 years) and tea drinkersSampling frame Our database for each citySampling method The sampling would be a combination ofStratified sampling since the respondents of Focus Group have to meet the criteria of being tea drinkersQuota sampling to cover the entire target age group and both the genders specimen size 90QuotasSince females are the primary shoppers in UK (Lake) as well as prominent consumers of herbal tea, their quota is kept higher than males. The quotas would be as followsGenderAge GroupQuotaFemaleYoung Adults, 12-29 years24%Older Adults, 30- 40 years20%Middle Aged, 41- 55 years23%MaleYoung Adults, 12-29 years10%Older Adults, 30- 40 years13%Middle Aged, 41- 55 years10%The sample will be sourced equally from North, South and Midlands (33% each) to ensure uniformity and non-biased result due to skewed sample.The group discussions will be carried out in the following scheme-Group 1 South young adults 18 29, (3 males, 7 females)Group 2 South older adults 30 40, (4 males, 6 females)Group 3 South middle aged 41 55, (3 males, 7 females)Group 4 North young adults 18 29, (3 males, 7 females)Group 5 North older adults 30 40, (4 males, 6 females)Group 6 North middle-aged 41 55, (3 males, 7 females)Group 7 Midlands young adults 18 29, (3 males, 7 females)Group 8 Midlands older adults 30 40, (4 males, 6 females)Group 9 Midlands middle aged 41 55, (3 males, 7 females)SurveyTarget population Health conscious people (18-55 years)Sampling frame Our database for each city (for in-venue surveys) and Internet Panel for Online surveys.Sampling method Quota sampling, to cover the entire target age group and both the gendersSample size A sample of 1200 would be distributed equally between In-v enue Surveys (600) and Online surveys (600)QuotasThe survey questionnaire would be administered among both tea drinkers (75%) and non drinkers (25%). It would span 1200 respondents (400 from each city ascorbic acid males, 300 females). This will ensure a proper coverage of the target consumer groups and thus provide us with robust results. data Collection and compendOur team will record, transcribe and analyze each of the group discussions and use their results for the final recommendations. The results will be categorized and presented to reflect the views of each demographic group separately and on a combined level to give a holistic view of consumer perception and preference.The taste tests and projective techniques will also be analyzed and combined with the results of the overall FGDs to come up with a complete solution as required by you. Imbibing the encyclopedism from the opinions and ideas that come out in the study, the final report will be a complete guide that will h elp TLMTC launch Revive successfully in the market. It will provide adequate consumer insights and marketing cues to help your team in strategizing a successful launch.The questionnaires would be administered both in person and through internet (50% 50%).Personal interviews would be conducted at strategic venues essentially data would be collected from outside retail outlets (hypermarkets/ supermarkets distributions channels for Revive) and cafs as they would help in reaching out to our main target market, i.e. shoppers and tea/brewed beverage consumers respectively. Internet interviews would save time and cost, at the same time in-venue surveys would optimize sample representation.DeliverablesWe will submit 4 (four) hard copies and an electronic copy of the report as requested by TLMTC at end of the study. The report will provide in-depth analysis and report the facts and insights that we gather from the exercise. It will also discuss the recommendations we will make and explain the rationale of the same. We will also clearly spell out the limitations (if any) of the study.As requested we will also do a PowerPoint presentation of the key results at your head offices one week after the final report is approved. We understand that the audience at the presentation will be members from the marketing team who would be more interested in the key takeaways and action points. As such, we will only present the top-line findings and recommendations at the presentation.TimingWe assume that the proposal will be accepted by second week of May 2011 and we will be able to start work from third week of May around 16 May, 2011. The project will take approximately 8 weeks to finish after the proposal is accepted. We plan to finish-off the final presentation by 11 July, 2011 so that your marketing team gets ample time to execute the recommendations for an Autumn launch.TasksStart dateDuration (in bout of working days)End dateSet up focus groups16.05.2011520.05.2011Focus Grou p Discussions23.05.2011527.06.2011FGD Data Analysis30.05.2011707.06.2011 stash away Report08.06.2011514.06.2011Set up Questionnaire15.06.2011317.06.2011Field work20.06.2011524.06.2011Survey data Analysis and Report27.06.2011705.07.2011Submission of Final Report06.07.2011106.07.2011Review of the report and feedback07.07.2011208.07.2011PowerPoint entry11.07.2011111.07.2011BudgetThe total cost of the project is estimated at 58,500 as followsTaskCost/unitNo.sTotal CostFocus Group Discussions ( 2 hours each)3,000927,000In-venue Interviews2460014,400Internet Interviews13.56008,100Project management/ Data processing9,000Total58,500We have tried to adjust the cost of the project under the budget limit indicated by TLMTC in the research brief.

Investigation: Water Scarcity in Australia

Investigation water system Scarcity in AustraliaStudents physique James YuAbstractThis paper indicates the piss scarceness and pee defilement in Australia. These two things nates be serious problems in Australia because it is so study a food exporting country. The sources we use as references atomic number 18 all websites and two scientific paper. The solution for these two pissing issues atomic number 18 becloud seeding and enacting more or less laws which forbid people from throwing formative casually. However, just darken seeding probably send packing work efficiently if Australia earn sufficient metropolis to conduct these experiments. The limitation of this paper is source availability, all what I put forward use is Internet because it is tough for me to summon books on this topic in English version.1.0 IntroductionThis scientific paper indicated several(prenominal) causes of water scarcity and water defilement in Australia, and also provided both(prenominal) solutions of solving this issue. Australia is adept of the most developed countries all over the world, however, this country got a grave water bulwark. One of the most underlying causes is sea surface temperature (SST). In the south of Australia , the SST is lower than average. This signified that there was few evaporation of water, ca apply atomospheric desiccation, and lead to limitation of raining (Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Contour Charts 2013). The cause of water taint in Australia was polyolefins, which accounts for 52% of ductile production and were used for manufacturing throwaway case (Schneider J 2013). These plastics could spoil our food web and ecosystem. Australia mostly gather water from raining and a large proportions of water was used for agriculture, because Australia was a major food exporting country (M. Ejaz Qureshi, Munir A. Hanjra, Ward J 2013). Our hypothesis was Australia could bastinado water scarcity and water contaminantif they develop cloud seeding and enact round regulations on environmental protection.Table 1 Variability of ow in some of the worlds major rivers comp ard with a Australian rivers.COUNTRYRIVERRATIO BETWEEN THE uttermost and THE MINIMUM ANNUAL FLOWSSwitzerland China Sudan USA South Africa AustraliaRhine Yangtze egg white Nile Potomac chromatic Hunter1.9 2.0 2.4 3.9 16.9 54.3This table illustrated the Australian river got a very unstable mutation between the maximum and the minumum flows, compared to whiz major river in separate countries. point of reference http//www.wentworthgroup.org/docs/Chartres__Williams.pdf2.0 MethodologyThe source of this scientific paper was all Internet. I typed some key words like Water scarcity in Australia. I look through all the web pages and gathered the beneficial teaching and type them into calculate box once again. For instance, I found iodine of the solutions of water scarcity in Australia is asperse seeding and I typed this term into search box to get furthe r information. I spent about 40 minutes on researching and found 2 websites for each solution. I concordd substantiate all these sources were all written by reputable professors, scientists or publishers by researching these people and publisher to ensure if their dependency is strong enough for my paper. almost of my sources were another scientific paper.3.0 FindingsTwo of the most severe fresh water issues in Australia were water scarcity and water pollution, these problems have existed for last of a decade. These two water issues could be a massive problem for Australia. Cloud seeding was a significant solution which throws drikold into cloud, it could increase supply moderately in Australia. Figure 1 demonstrated the mean of precipitation of seeded clouds was 2X103 m3 exceeded from unsown clouds, it means seeded clounds can actually raise the percipitation (E. J. Smith). In fact, a great percents of water in Australia was foul by plastics. Meanwhile, Australian plastic produ ction had increased from 170 thousand in 1950s to 280 gazillion in 2011. Figure 2 shows the distribution of plastic pollution in water of Australian city . Most heavy soil cities were difficult in the south-eastern and north-western Australia, the place where need to control the plastic production. Some cities in south-eastern Australia had over 15500 km-2 of plastic concentrations. During the a long term of flowing, these plastics could be humbled down into small fragments within 5 mm length, which commonly called microplastic and dishonored to the food web and ecosystem easily. Therefore, we had two methods to solve this issue. Approximately 37% of plastics were used for manufacturing disposable packaging, comprising bottle, cups and bags,hence, the first solution was reducing the production of single-use plastic bundle and decreased the demand of using these plastic manutacture by advocating awareness of this water issue (Schneider J 2013). Another efficient solution was en act the laws which abate people and also factories from dumping plastics into sea.Figure 1 Total rain from isolated cumulus cloudsThe total rainfall of seeded cloud and unseeded cloud whose tops were -100C or cooler with 30 minutes of seeding from isolated cumulus clouds.Reference http//www.wentworthgroup.org/docs/Chartres__Williams.pdfFigure 2 Distribution map of plastic concentrations in Australia Marine plastic concentrations in waters around Australia. White crosses indicate location of major Australian citiesReference http//theconversation.com/australian-waters- begrime-by-harmful-tiny-plastics-207904.0 DiscussionFrom the scientists and researchers perspectives, they sound off that the best solution that is able to augment the amout of water is cloud seeding. Via this solution, Australia could have sufficient supply and overcame water scarcity lightly. But on the contrary, cloud seeding can be very costly. In most of the cases, it takes millions of RMB to implement one clo ud seeding, therefore, Australia would better have a strong economic backcloth beforehand like developing their agriculture or IT industry. On the other hand, as for the water pollution in Australia, most of water is polluted by fragmented plastic and majority of people and factories concentrated in the eastern coast of the Australia, so we could see eastern Australia is more polluted than any other part of Australia. Moreover, because it is hardly to eliminate all these plastic pollutants and made sure there is no plastic contamination in the furture in a scientific way, we could just do it in a political approach. For instance, government could enact laws of environmental protection or make some advertisments to persuade people do not throw plasctic bags or products into any kind of natural water source. In addition, some eco-friendly organizations can just simply set some dustbins around those highly polluted cities for recycling the plastic. But its a little bit tough for them to restrict water pollution via this method. All in all, I think Australia can conquer these two water issues based on the previous contents.5.0 Conclusions and RecommendationsIn general, cloud seeding still got a substaintia chance to resolve water restriction by it extra precipitation. Australia just need to develop their economy and have enough capital to conduct these experiments. To handle the increasing plastic pollution in Australian water, government have appeal people do not throw any plastic manufactures casually and set several laws to forbid people from doing this, in particular the eastern part of Australia. The durability of this measure rely on the governmental actions and Australian qualities. There are some limitations in this scientific paper, first of all is source restrictions. Sources in this paper are all from Internet. The research suggestion is using books references, because books eer much more trustworthy than websites. If we get enough money, we will f ind a new scientific way to reduce the plastic pollution in Australian water.Reference List Chartres C., Williams J.(2006), Can Australia Overcome its Water Scarcity Problems,Wentworth Group. Online. getable fromhttp//www.wentworthgroup.org/docs/Chartres__Williams.pdf Accessed 1 October 2016(2013),Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Contour Charts, NOAA. Online. Available from http//www.ospo.noaa.gov/Products/sea/sst/contour/ Accessed 1 October 2016(2013), M. Ejaz Qureshi, Munir A. Hanjra, Ward J.,Impact of water scarcity in Australia on global food security in an era of climate change, information Direct. Online. Available fromhttp//www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919212001170 Accessed 1 October 2016E. J. Smith, Cloud Seeding Experiments in Australia, Berkeley. Online. Available from http//digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/math/ucb/text/math_s5_v5_article-10.pdf Accessed 1 October 2016Schneider J.(2013), Australian waters polluted by harmful tiny plastics, The Conversation . Online. Available fromhttp//theconversation.com/australian-waters-polluted-by-harmful-tiny-plastics-20790 Accessed 2 October 2016

William Goldings Lord Of the Flies :: Golding Lord Flies

William Goldings Lord Of the FliesThemeMost passel perceive children as being innocent, precious beings. Some believe that they atomic number 18 angelic. Put in the wrong situations though, they tramp become savage beasts. The sinlessness leaves their bodies and they atomic number 18 no longer precious. The survival of the fittest instinct kicks on and they can become killers. In the take for Lord of the Flies the theme is that kids are not as innocent s they seem.At the beginning of the book the boys seem to have peace and order. They help one another out. They choose Ralph as their leader. They follow his orders when they need to work together. The conch shell is used to require order within the group of boys. Soon these practices die out and the kids grow to change. diddly-shit and his group of hunters, began to get a thrill from killing pigs. Jack and the hunters also lose all respect for Ralph and the conch. They start their own tribe, who head purpose is t o hunt and have rituals. The killings of the pigs start to bore them so they began to call back other things to kill.The hunters start forcing people to join the tribe through threats. whence the threats lead to the killings of two boys. The hunters first kill Simon , whom they think is a beast. hence they kill Piggy by rolling a stone on top of him. With the two killing under their belt they soon began to go after Ralph. They chase him all over the island but soon he is rescued. The naval officer witnesses how the children had turned from well-behaved boys to savage beast.Though children are not as innocent as they seem they still confuse a close place in their parents heart. They are also clement just like everyone else. They know the difference between black and lily-white and right and wrong. The survival of the fittest instinct is something that every creature on this major planet has. The weak one always loose. The book showed this well.Important PassagesRalp h sat on a fallen trunk, his left side to the sun. On his right were near of the choir on his left the larger boys who had not known to each one other before...before him small children squatted in the grass.

The Censorship Debate Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Essays

The Censorship Debate Do words such as nigger, bitch, or ass offend you? The dish may seem clear cut, but our nation has been struggling with the restoration of censorship almost since its conception. To umpteen, the aforementioned words are a start of their everyday vocabulary to others, they are vulgar and un unobjectionable. The issue of censorship is oftentimes more than just words. There have been huge controversies over the negatively charged ideas and graphic nature of literature, music, and television. What is as well as violent, too negative, too obscene, or too graphic? And who decides what these standards are? These are questions that are still debated by many. writings has the greatest history of censorship debates. For geezerhood, there have been arguments over what is acceptable for which age group in which environment. A prime example of this is Robert Cormiers new-made adult novel, I Am The Cheese. Over the past few years in Florida, ther e has been great debate over whether or not his book is acceptable for use in a junior laid-back or high school classroom. The novel, which portrays a preteen boy who has been part of the witness protection program, and sees his parents killed when the program fails, has been labeled inappropriate for use in a classroom. Many teachers argue that the book has substantial educational value, citing the many awards that it has won, but the faction for censorship won this battle, and the book is no nightlong taught. Many other literary works, some which are considered classics, have alike been deemed inappropriate. Some titles include Hamlet, The Red... ...eedom of speech. Our country was founded on one of these ideas, but our ethics and values may be dependent on the other. As a nation, we moldiness decide which is more important. I do not intuitive feeling that there can be any halfway in this decision. We cannot shun some things and leave others, it has to be all o r nothing. If we are firing to censor, we must accept the fact that everything exit be affected. Then we must plentifulness with the issue of who decides the standards, a problem which may be as monumental as deciding whether or not to censor in the first place. If we decide against censorship, then we must be prepared to deal with whatever is created, no matter how graphic, obscene, or violent any single(a) may feel that it is. It is likely that we will never reach an accord, and will be debating this until the end of time.

Military Draft Essay -- United States Military Army Essays

array Draft According to the U.S. Department of Defense, the get together States forces now maintains a force of around 1.4 million active duty personnel. In quantify of relative peace, this is sufficient to protect U.S. interests at home and abroad. But when the united States engages in a larger scale operation, the military may motif to call up admit forces. In a major conflict, the join States may even institute the draft, drawing soldiers from the general civilian population. The thinker of a military draft, also called conscription, has been around in one institute or another since ancient times. In its relatively short history, the United States has implemented a number of different conscription systems to fill its military ranks in both peacetime and wartime. Currently, the United States is not practicing conscription it has an all military volunteer military, meaning active troops serve on their own accord. By offering a range of benefits to enlistees, the militar y is able to recruit adequate troops to fill its ranks, at least during times of peace. Additionally, the United States maintains a volunteer national guard and a corps of volunteer reserve troops. These highly trained forces stand ready to assist the military at the presidents command. In times of peace, the SSSs, Selective Service System, main task is to piece together a list of capability draftees in the United States. The potential draftee pool is made up of male U.S. residents between the ages of 18 and 25. Und...

Eleanor of Aquitaine Essay example -- History Historical Rulers Queen

Eleanor of AquitaineWhen viewing the Middle Ages, it is often assumed that women had atomic if no political power. However, there are certain women that still brave out in the minds of historians, regardless of whether they are queens or commoners. These women command vast domains either directly or indirectly, and have influenced many new(prenominal) women to do the same. One such figure was Eleanor of Aquitaine. Although her name is rarely mentioned in history books, her lineage can be found in nigh every noble house in Europe. She not only embody the virtues of a noble woman, but she was also a charismatic cockeyed leader. Her opinion was often heeded in matters of state as well as personal struggles. Truly a remarkable woman, she has sh experience what being a attractive and graceful queen can do for a country. Eleanor was born in 1122, to William X and Anor of Aquitaine. Eleanors father, the Duke of Aquitaine, ruled a large plush terra firma that was rich in wine and ro lling verdant hills (Dahmus 179). The young Eleanor grew up in a court of Troubadours who sang of courtly love and women. Her grandfather, William IX, is credit as being one of the first Troubadours who brought lyric poetry to life, and her own father continued the tradition (Dahmus 180). Eleanor, having been blessed with good looks, is attributed with being the rout of many of these verses and of inspiring men to sing to women of high station (Consort). These content times however, were short lived when at the age of five, Eleanors father died (Troubadour). On his deathbed, her father requested that she be given to Louis VI in array to wed one of his sons (Dahmus 181). This was done, and Eleanor and Louis VII were wed in the summer of 1137.Although this seemed to be... ...to bring off power while obeying her husbands commands. Few men or women in history were able to better utilize their many talents in order to accomplish their goals. Works CitedConsort of Love and Letters. 1 Apr. 1998. <http//spectrum.net/dede/eleanor.htm (A tidings of caution to the readers Lyn Reeses Women in World annals suggested this web-site. It was written by a high school student and could contain errors)Dahmus, Joseph. Seven chivalric Queens. New York Doubleday & Company, Inc, 1972. Duby, Georges. Women of the Twelfth Century. Great Britain The University of Chicago Press, 1997. Eleanor of Aquitaine. Women in World History Curriculum. Ed. Lyn Reese. 1999. 16 Apr. 2000. <http//www.womeninhistory.com/EofAreturns.html The Troubadours Daughter. Suite 101. <http//www.geocities.com/Athens/7545/Eleanor.html

The Search for Identity in This Side of Paradise :: This Side of Paradise Essays

The Search for Identity in This Side of nirvana In F. Scott Fitzgeralds novel This Side of Paradise, Amory Blaine searches for his identity by mirroring people he admires. However, these mirrors actually block him from finding his true self. He falls in love with women whose personalities intrigue him he mimics the actions of men he looks up to. Eleanor unwarranted and Burne Holiday serve as prime examples of this. Until Amory loses his pivotal mirror, Monsignor Darcy, he searches for his consciousness in all the wrong places. When Monsignor Darcy dies, Amory has the spiritual epiphany he needs to bowl over his paradise - the have sexledge of who Amory Blaine truly is. Amory appears to be a rather empty choice for a protagonist. He relies mainly on his breathtaking handsomeness and wealth in order to get by in life. He has been endowed with brains, but it takes him years to learn how and when to use them. Amory spends his late gritty school and college years frolicking with his peers and debutantes. By constantly associating with others Amory creates an image of himself that he maintains until he becomes bored or finds a new personality to imitate. Amory does not know who he really is, what he truly feels, or what he thinks. He merely cultivates his personality du jour depending on how he believes he would like to be. Essentially, Amory is shop at a personality store, trying each one on until he can find one that fits. This personality imitation began when Amory pass his adolescent years in the presence of his flamboyant mother, Beatrice. Beatrice raised Amory to be what she wanted him to be, as long as it was stylish and acceptable to contemporary virtues. When he goes to Princeton, the separation from his mother, who essentially thought for him, leads Amory to search for himself. However, his idea of peeping for his identity entails merely simulating the personalities of those he admires. This trend becomes obvious in the mannequin of Amorys lov e interests. His first conquest, Isabelle, is a strong-willed girl who knows what she wants. Amory falls in love with her because of her distinct personality perhaps subconsciously he feels that by being in her presence he makes up for not having a personality of his own. Amorys next love, Rosalind, represents Amorys latent desire for the riches and luxuries that he at sea with the death of his parents.

Problems of Medieval Europe :: European Europe History

Problems of Medieval EuropeThe range Medieval Europe. The problem the pontiff is living in Avignon, under rigid control from the French King. The afflict is ravaging Europe, leaving behind solely cities of corpses. Sanitation is in truth poor, there are no sewer systems, and to a greater extent often than not, one could find human and animal feces ocean liner the streets. The standard of living is very low, and much of this is blamed on religion. some(prenominal) large number would like to see the pope dead. Solutions are virtually non-existent. The pope is looking for a way to restore his power, and improve the life of Europeans. The main(prenominal) problem facing the pope was, of course, the plague. Nearly twenty-five million people had died of this highly infectious disease already, and it didnt appear to be slowing. Medieval physicians had highly-developed a number of cures, some as absurd as placing animated chickens on the wounds of the infected. Due to the primitive technology at that time, there were very few actual cures. Many of the practices of the doctors were invented simply to deceive the populous into believe that they had cures, and that all was not lost. The pope, in his quarters at Avignon, sat among two large fires. They thought that this would purify the bad air which closely blamed for the spread of the plague. Although there was no bad air, the fires actually did clog the plague, killing off the bubonic bacteria. This was an example of what some people forestall accidental science, or a discovery made from superstition, or by accident. From the viewpoint of a medieval doctor, there were few things you could do. Most medication at that time was based on the intravenous feeding humors, and the four qualities. The four humors were phlegm, blood, bile, and black bile. Illness would occur when these humors were imbalanced. Doctors often let blood, attempting to restore balance. on that point were also four qualities heat, cold , moistness, dryness. Diseases were often deemed to have two qualities, i.e. hot and dry. If a person had a disease that was hot and dry, they would be administered a works that was considered cold and moist. Basically what I have tried to say in the previous two chapters is that there was no medicinal cure for the plague in medieval times. If they had antibiotics, however, there would have been very few fatalities.

Essays --

Paul Re, an English psychologist, wrote The fountain of the Moral Sensations in 1877. Through this text, he separated holiness from God, in order to find a naturalistic source for things like altruism. He discusses an idea of altruistic emotional motivation, such as pleasure, usefulness (benefits), and the dodging of pain. Nietzsche argues against Res nonions, saying that morals do not come from usefulness, pleasure or the avoidance of pain, but through pass on to occasion. His notion of will to power is an instinct for independent freedom. This notion is manifested other than in different people, depending on individual traits and circumstances. In his first essay, well behaved and Evil, Good and Bad, he explains the manifestations of power and how they are viewed. He differentiates the manifestations of the will to power in two categories Master Morality and Slave Morality. The master morality is the notion that, the noble, powerful, high-stationed and high-minded, who fe lt and established themselves and their actions as intelligent. The word good in this sense is not a good represe...

Death in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening Essays -- Stopping Woods

forfeitping by Woods on a white Evening - A Stop for Death Everyone feels burdened by life at some point. Everyone wishes they could mediocre close their eyes and make all the problems and struggles of life disappear. Some deliberate death as a release from the chains and ropes with which the trials and tribulations of life guard the human race. Death is a powerful theme in literature, symbolized in a plethora of ways. In Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Eve Robert Frost uses subtle imagery, symbolism, rhythm and verse line to invoke the yearning for death that the weary traveler of life feels. When the loudspeaker in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Eve pauses for a moments rest, he does not do so on a simple evening, but on the darkest evening of the year, the wintertime solstice (474). The winter solstice is the day marking the beginning of winter, when the sun is the sky for the shortest time, and the night is longest. Night, with its tail and shadows, is a classic symbol of d eath. On the winter solstice, Death advise be considered his strongest, for his time, the night, is the longest i...

The Scarlet Letter: Governor Bellingham And Hypocrisy :: essays research papers

Governor Bellingham is the leader of the capital of Massachusetts Colony. He is and then supposed to be one of the most pious and upstanding members of the community. As he makes the rules, he is supposed to follow them to the letter. This is why, when Hester visits his house to deliver his gloves, she is so surprised at its state. Instead of a humble abode tastefully decorated in the muted pastels and earthtones of the puritan lifestyle, she was slightly amused ( hardly not particularly surprised) to find very near the opposite. Before they even enter, she is infatuated by the opulence of the house. It had walls which were overspread with a kind of stucco, in which fragments of disoriented glass were plentifully intermixed so that, when the sun fell aslant-wise over the face up of the edifice, it glittered and sparkled as if diamonds had been flung against it by the double handful. The brilliancy might have befitted Aladdins palace rather than the mansion of a grave old Puri tan ruler. It was further decorated with strange and seemingly cabalistic features and diagrams, suitable to the ancient taste of the age, which had been drawn in the stucco when newly laid on, and had directly grown hard and durable, for the admiration of later times. This was not in consent of the laws of hard work, sacrifice, and the swearing off of earthly pleasures that the Puritans abided by. In fact, it was garish and well-nigh gaudy, and not fitting for a man of his rank. These descriptions in The Scarlet letter further illustrate the hypocrisy and pretense of virtue of the Bostonians. Inside, Hester is confronted with more fancy and splendor. Not only is the house itself well made and well decorated, but the pair is greeted at the door by one of Bellinghams bond-servants. For a Puritan who is taught (and teaching) that each should be compassionate to his fellow man, owning one as property is fairly misleading to the rest of the colony. The house is fashioned after thos e of the lords and ladies of England, and contains lofty ceilings, steepled arches, and knickknacks of all shapes, sizes, and purposes (including a tankard for the purpose of swilling ale). A leader of a community as committed to the Lord as Boston should be spending his time reading his Bible and praying rather than imbibing, should he not?

Cloning :: essays research papers

The first thing that must be cle bed up is what is cloning, and what is a cl nonpareil. A clone is an beingness derived asexually from a single single(a) by cuttings, bulbs, tubers, fission, or parthenogeny re performance ("Cloning", 1997). Pathogenesis reproduction is the study of an being from an unfertilized ovum, sow in or spore ("Pathogenesis", 1997). So cloning, biologically speaking, is any process in which production of a clone is successful. Therefore, the biological circumstance cloning is the production of a communicableally identical duplicate of an organism. However, sight can use the boy cloning to intend other meanings. For instance, we reason many older and fresh techniques as cloning. This is not a swell practice because these techniques are diametrical and impose unique concerns and issues. In the area of scientific technology, cloning is the unlifelike production of organisms with the same genetic material. Scientists in reality call the transferring of a karyon from the cell of one organism to an enucleated glob cell, nuclear transfer (Wilmut 811). This result produce an organism that has the critical genetic material as that of the conferrer cell. Scientists are utilize current techniques exceedingly to a greater extent, and with a variety of species. Astonishingly, more(prenominal) clones are present in the population than one would think. In nature, and even off in the lives of humans, clones are present. As declared earlier, a clone is an organism that has the same genetic information as another organism. From this we can claim that cloning occurs with all plants, some insects, algae, unicellular organisms that conduct mitosis or binary program fission, and occasionally by all multi-cellular organisms, including humans. monozygotic duplicate, or identical twins, are clones of each other. They have the same exact genetic information collectible to the division of an embryo early in developm ent, which produces two identical embryos. round eight trillion identical twins are alive in the world thus, already eight million human clones inhabit the world. Today, the scarce cloning search is occurring in scientific model organisms. These are organisms that look into scientists from around the globe have peaceful abundant amounts of entropy. All this data is necessary so that advancements in research can continue more efficiently. The most common scientific models are E. coli, mice, fruit flies, and frogs. The first organisms that were cloned using nuclear transfer were frogs. This is because they have thumping egg cells and scientists can harbor up to two thousand of them from one ovulation.Cloning essays research written document The first thing that must be cleared up is what is cloning, and what is a clone. A clone is an organism derived asexually from a single individual by cuttings, bulbs, tubers, fission, or parthenogenesis reproduction ("Cloning", 1997). Pathogenesis reproduction is the development of an organism from an unfertilized ovum, seed or spore ("Pathogenesis", 1997). So cloning, biologically speaking, is any process in which production of a clone is successful. Therefore, the biological term cloning is the production of a genetically identical duplicate of an organism. However, people can use the word cloning to intend other meanings. For instance, we generalize many older and new techniques as cloning. This is not a good practice because these techniques are different and impose unique concerns and issues. In the world of scientific technology, cloning is the artificial production of organisms with the same genetic material. Scientists actually call the transferring of a nucleus from the cell of one organism to an enucleated egg cell, nuclear transfer (Wilmut 811). This will produce an organism that has the exact genetic material as that of the donor cell. Scientists are using current techniques exceedingly more, and with a variety of species. Astonishingly, more clones are present in the world than one would think. In nature, and even in the lives of humans, clones are present. As stated earlier, a clone is an organism that has the same genetic information as another organism. From this we can say that cloning occurs with all plants, some insects, algae, unicellular organisms that conduct mitosis or binary fission, and occasionally by all multi-cellular organisms, including humans. Monozygotic twins, or identical twins, are clones of each other. They have the same exact genetic information due to the division of an embryo early in development, which produces two identical embryos. About eight million identical twins are alive in the world thus, already eight million human clones inhabit the world. Today, the only cloning research is occurring in scientific model organisms. These are organisms that research scientists from around the globe have collected abundant amounts of data. All this data is necessary so that advancements in research can continue more efficiently. The most common scientific models are E. coli, mice, fruit flies, and frogs. The first organisms that were cloned using nuclear transfer were frogs. This is because they have large egg cells and scientists can obtain up to two thousand of them from one ovulation.