Elementary School Students Essay

In learning a new language, students face a difficult transition and often times, frustration and pain (Ybarra and Green, 2003). To avoid this, English language learners must be provided with scaffold and a variety of flexible language learning experiences such as language hearing, writing, speaking, and reading. According to M. L. Liaw (1997), language teachers should provide language-rich environment to learners and actively involved them in every activities which involve language practices (cited in Ybarra and Green, 2003). These learning activities establish a good flow of communication among students through their interactions. Based on researches, individuals learn mostly through their own style of learning. Felder and Henriques (1995) defined learning style as the individual’s unique means of acquisition, retention, and retrieval of information. Different learning styles of students require teachers to tailor their way of instruction in such way that it meets the learners’ needs and preferences. For instance, teachers who are not fond of music, may not incorporate chants and songs in their instruction, thus, the learning preferences of musical learners are not given emphasis (Procter, n. d. ). Teachers, therefore, must be flexible enough in learning new strategies in order to bring the best out of their students. Learning Styles and Teaching Strategies Felder and Henriques (1995) stated that students may learn in a number of ways including seeing, hearing, reflecting and acting, logical and intuitively reasoning, and memorizing and visualizing. Teachers, on the other hand, typically employ demonstration, lecture or discussion in giving academic instruction. The students’ performance is affected by their adaptive ability, preparation, and their compatibility with the teacher’s style of giving instruction. A mismatch between learning style and teaching style, as foreseen, is a cause of poor academic performance. Butler (1988) classified learning styles into cognitive, affective, physiological, and psychological (cited in Lamboy, 2003). A student’s way of perceiving and ordering information or ideas belongs to the cognitive style while the affective domain speaks of social and personality traits in learning. The physiological dimension, on the other hand, refers to the senses which include auditory, visual, or kinaesthetic, and environmental factors such as light and temperature. Inner strengths and individuality pertains to the psychological aspect while auditory learners love to play with words and their sounds through listening and storytelling. For Procter (n. d. ), problem solving and numbers are very appealing to logical children. They enjoy puzzle, pattern, sequence, and card games activities. Intrapersonal learners, on the other hand, are generally shy but have a good sense of self. Learners of this type prefer personalization activities such as drawing and writing about one’s family and experiences. Drawing, painting, or coloring activities are often preferred by visual learners. Most of the time, they enjoy the teacher’s facial expression in storytelling and readily understand stories through pictures. Moreover, kinesthetic learners prefer learning through physical activities such as games and hands-on exercises while musical type of learners, learn best through chants and songs. Lastly, cooperative activities such as group works, interviews, projects, and surveys are best means of learning for interpersonal learners. Researches and Implications Ehrman and Oxford (1990) found the preferences of students in respective learning styles through an intensive language training (cited in Felder and Henriques, 1995). Sensing learners used a variety of memorization strategies like internal drills and flash cards; prefer practical materials and highly structured or well-organized classes. Intuitive learners, on the other hand, favor basic vocabulary and grammatical rules, linguistic concepts and translations. Visual learners like visual presentation of information through pictures, diagrams, flow charts, time lines, films, and demonstration while verbal learners are fond of spoken and written explanations. Also, active learners are inclined towards physical activities and experimentation as compared to passive roles of reflective learners such as listening, observing, and taking down notes. Further, sequential learners better absorb small and connected chunks of information as contrasted to the holistic preference of global learners. Felder and Henriques (1995) concluded that an effective language instruction then caters to the different learning styles of students. This means that language instruction must contain the elements that are appealing to all types of learning styles. It should be a concoction of concrete information such as definition and grammatical rules; and concepts like syntactical and semantic information, and linguistic and cultural background details. Conclusion In planning for a language instruction, educators must consider the heterogeneous learning styles of the students. In doing so, they may creatively select learning activities that are appealing to different types of learners. In addition, educators may properly guide and give necessary aid to students for learning strategies appropriate to their learning styles. Moreover, despite the amount of research that has been done with regards to learning styles over the last few years, there is no clear evidence proving that a particular learning style is generally better over the others. This is perhaps due to the human mind’s flexibility and individual differences. Thus, it is much better then, that learning strategies be given emphasis in every learning situation. References Felder, R. M. and Henriques, E. R. (1995). Learning and Teaching Styles In Foreign and Second Language Education. Retrieved November 5, 2008, from http://www4. ncsu. edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/Papers/FLAnnals. pdf Lamboy, C. L. (2003). Using Technology in an English as a Second Language Course to Accommodate Visual,Kinesthetic, and Auditory Learners to Affect Students’ Self-Efficacy About Learning the Language. Retrieved November 5, 2008, from http://www. des. emory. edu/mfp/DissertationLamboy. pdf Procter, S. (n. d. ). Gogo Loves English Fits Many Learning Styles. Retrieved November 5, 2008, from http://www. gogolovesenglish. com/Articles/Stanton1. asp Ybarra, R. and Green, T. (2003). Using Technology to Help ESL/EFL Students Develop Language Skills. Retrieved November 5, 2008, from http://iteslj. org/Articles/Ybarra-Technology. html

Ethnic literature

Ethnic Literature and Postcolonialism In Barta's ; â€Å"Gad's Tangs'† Reading by using Postcolonial theory The definition of ethnic literature â€Å"is literature like any other, except that it contains ethnic references. † (Reilly p. 2). Another definition of ethnic literature is when there is a literature work that contain religious beliefs, racial issues, linguistics, or cultural heritage. In another word, ethnic literature is the literary work that includes particular culture, beliefs, or linguistics distinction. Postcolonial literary theory draws attention in the issue of cultural difference emerging in the society.One of the issues hich may often appear during the class discussion is hybridity. It seems that people who have been faced by the fact that they are living in a ‘hybrid world' tend to be confused by their real status. They realize for their interest, but they can not avoid the possibility becoming ‘in between'. Although , they are included i nto one part, the native part, but on the other hand they can not deny the deep feeling to be pleasant considering themselves different with the other. There is a kind of more value they have compared with their surround, and they think it is worthy to be kept.Of course, this feeling comes into their mind by some reasons. There must be an additional value added into their original culture. The additional value may be in the form of a new ideology, belief or view which are brought by the dominating. The dominated rarely conscious with the impact. They usually only feel that it is a natural process which become the impact of daily social interaction they are engaged in. Another issue which emerges in postcolonial discussion is about dominated-dominating one. We can not expect who actually take the role as ‘dominating' or ‘dominated'.The practice may turn over, the dominated may become the dominating in the same time oward different object, vice versa. We are also introduce d by ‘Otherness' theory. It makes someone consider that she or he are different from the other, and other people is not the same with her or him. Gad's Tangs' tells a story about a girl life, namely Teyi. She is a Javanese girl who grew up in the Javanese tradition. She lives with his parents and sibling in tangsi area. She was taught to become an obedient girl by her mother with many limitations as a girl. She helps her mother to sell fried bananas every day.Teyi finds herself limited by some rules which are considered as the right rules for her mother. She even does not know how ‘love' or how to be ‘loved' by a man. She was taught to be a polite woman. She finally finds who she is when she is introduced to Putri Parasi by Ndara Tuan Kapten SarJubehi who has helped her. That is the beginning of her new experience to recognize a new world, the world that she has never imagined before. Putri Parasi teaches her everything to be ‘a good lady. Putri Parasi likes Teyi for her politeness. She more likes Teyi after being saved when her disease comes immediately.Putri Parasi expects to teach her how to behave well. She even teaches Teyi to speak Dutch. Teyi starts to be able to read and write. Putri Parasi really wants to prepare her to be taken to Surakarta Keraton and introduced her to a man who will be married with her. She plans to make Teyi deserve to have a husband from Keraton families. In the novel Gadis Tangsi written by Suparto Brata, we can see some unexpected phenomenon occur. It makes me realize that actually there are still many things covered even by what Javanese people considered as ‘budaya adiluhung.The word ‘politeness', ‘hospitality and ‘dignity which come into people mind when they heard about Javanese culture become blur after they read this novel. Javanese woman who is considered as an obedient woman and become a mercy for whom takes her as a wife may be surprised by what Suparto tells about Teyi a nd Dumilah. He brings them in this novel as representative of Javanese woman character, in different point of view. However, the story about them, for me, is far from the stereotype of common Javanese women (may be Just a few). The feeling of ‘in between' seem to be experienced by Teyi.She starts to know about how the way the higher status people behave since she meets Putri Parasi. Teyi realizes that her life style is quite different from her, and she is glad when she knows hat Putri Parasi does not mind introducing this new culture to her. From this intentional interaction, after she is taught how to behave like ‘putri bangsawan', Teyi starts to consider she has a chance to be the same with them. Even she lives with her parents, she starts to consider that she is better than them. She has been raised from the lower part. She has more power than the people in the house.The very obvious impact of this teaching actually appears when Teyi has been left by Putri Parasi. Aft er she passed away, Teyi become independent from the influence of Putri Parasi. Although, there are still some traces of her teaching inside Teyi which reflect in the way she behaves. She seems take the dominating position over her husband, Sapardal. Sapardal feeling about his lower position when they have been married becomes the cause of the divorce. Only two days of marriage, and Teyi considers that she has a right to sue divorce, while Sapardal can only keep silent without any comment.In this relationship, Sapardal as a man who actually considered as the dominating' take the role as the dominated'. He does not feel on the same level with Teyi. He admits that he has no power compared to Teyi. He even has no courage to touch her in their first night of marriage. Here, we can see the role between man and woman has shifted. Brata seems to show us that the role of people in the society is like running on the moving wheel. The dominating and dominated are only a symbol of someone posi tion, which also can be shifted based on where we are standing.Sapardal may fail in maintaining his position as superior in front of Teyi. The cultural change also appears in this novel. Sexual intercourse is not considered as a sacral any longer for almost all the women in this novel. During my reading, I wonder if I ead Indonesian culture literary work, especially belong to Javanese one. However, Brata wrote the novel using the Indonesian condition in the past, in the colonial occupation. In this situation, it is not easy to determine which one who still hold the original value since the influence of other ideology come into the life in that simple way.The force of a new ideology input is not directly felt in this novel. The indigenous people enjoy the acculturation between the dominated and the dominating. It also happens in the shifting of the way they see sexual intercourse actually is. What we call as a taboo becomes commonly conducted by the people. Teyi is defined as a free woman, even she has been married and becomes a wife of Sapardal, and she breaks the rule by having intercourse with Ndara Tuan Kapten SarJubehi. It seems that she wants to take a revenge to Dumilah who is considered nad cheated ner by having romantic attair witn ner master.Sapardal can not do anything. He has failed to become a good husband. This thinking is from his own side. When we look at this phenomenon, again, Teyi proves that she has had a power over a man from her own society. She starts to have a right to consider a man like Sapardal is not at the same level with her. However, in my opinion it will not happen if Sapardal never has the way of thinking. Actually, he has thought that she is great and different from the other woman in his environment before they are married. That makes he has no courage to touch her at their first night.It also makes Teyi feels not being regarding or respecting as a wife. She thinks that Sapardal has no desire toward her, and she thinks that it is better to ask divorce. What a short way of thinking! I found that Teyi has put a wrong way of thinking about what Putri Parasi had taught to her. It seems that she does not consider marriage as a sacral relationship any longer. ‘Love' relationship has been considered as a ‘real' relationship when we have passion to have sex with our couple. Is that so simple? That is the way Teyi think about love basically.It is shown also when she does not mind to have sex with her ex-master, Ndara Tuan Kapten SarJubehi, and then she starts to love someone else, Ndara Mas Kus. There is no any guilty feeling. Finally, we can conclude that there are three aspect of postcolonial reading for Gadis Tangsi has been discussed above. First, hybridity appears when Teyi finds herself has involved nd being a part of Putri Parasi's society, Keraton environment since she has been able to behave and speak like her, so she considers that she is a part of Putri community.While she has that feeling, she still can not avoid other people consideration about her who is only becoming a servant and will not become like them. Second, dominating feeling toward Sapardal comes into her mind. There is dominating-dominated in shifting model between them. It seems a denial for a man who usually considered as the dominating one, while Teyi proves that it can be shifted. Last, ‘Otherness' theory also emerges in this novel. After having taught to ave attitude and behave like Putri Parasi model, Teyi finally considers herself different with other woman in her society.

Newton the Empiricist

Sir Isaac Newton’s discoveries are truly relevant in our world today. His contributions to Physics are nonetheless substantial, especially the Laws of Motion which he established. However, the debate on whether Isaac Newton was a nativist or an empiricist has aroused. Some question Newton’s way of thinking where it breaks down to the belief of being any of nativism or empiricism. Firstly, nativism is the belief which states that people’s skills are natural to them that at birth, everything they need to learn are already coded in their brains, just waiting to be explored and be utilized. Nativists believe that we have brains which are hard wired with the talents and skills. It is more on how we uncover these things that we learn the things around us. The process of acquiring knowledge is just actually relearning what has already been coded in our brains. On the other hand, Empiricism claims that we have been born with a blank slate – tabula rasa, needing to be filled up by learning. We learn through experience in this concept, unlike that of Nativism where we already have the knowledge in the brain, all we need is to gather it and add it up to our knowledge. It emphasizes greatly on experience, where perceiving with our senses play a great role when we form various ideas. This discards the notion of having innate or inborn characteristics which is presented by Nativism. The debate regarding Isaac Newton’s line of thinking arose because of the way he came up with his ideas, the brilliant laws he established which are of great use in our society today. It is not merely being able to come up with the right ideas, but people though that Isaac Newton already knows the things he supposedly has established. But it was Empiricism that Newton believed more. He was more on the philosophy of science which gives a direct association to experiences, which derives data and information by means of experiments. Isaac Newton, as a person of science, underwent every necessary step in order to affirm his ideas. He tested through experiments in order to prove the knowledge he wishes to impart to the people. Theories and hypothesis were tested and some were proven through the use of observations and reasoning (Ess, 2007). Newton has established his own programs in science which he himself used in order to remove the doubts from the hypothesis. His goal as a scientist was to uncover something certain, and not to linger into the uncertainty of things. His principles were established and were drawn from the experiments he conducted and the observations he made for these experiments. This is just a manifestation that he abides in the Empiricist English tradition, just like Francis Bacon, where he comes up with ideas conceived from extensive experimentation and observation. As a man of science, he has always backed his ideas with relevant findings from the experiments that he conducted. He is not contended by assuming something as â€Å"ideally,† instead, he strived to prove such things using his own sets of experiments. Sir Isaac Newton’s findings posed great importance in explaining various things in the human world. Even though there are still some people who question his way of thinking, it is undeniable that what he has conceived were all products of extensive research, of the scientific method which he himself has pioneered and is still being used today. Reference: Ess, D. (2007). Isaac Newton Retrieved September 25, 2007, from http://www.drury.edu/ess/philsci/newton.html      

Analysis of the election results Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analysis of the election results - Essay Example However with the support of the minorities within the US and the international support from nearly all over the world, Obama was able to defeat McCain hands down. He got more than 270 desired electoral votes and thus became the first African-American President of the United States of America. (Curry, 2008) Obama won because he presented a new world order. This was different to the one that George W. Bush brought to the superpower nation of the world. The Election results suggest that even those states where Republicans held majority, have been won by the Democrats. This indeed is a nice change and one that was in the waiting ever since Obama started his campaign some 21 months back. Obama thus brought a fresh initiative – one which will eventually change the world soon. Obama brings with him hopes and desires of the whole world and not just the Americans who live within America. (Luo, 2008) The challenges facing Obama are difficult since he has to take care of the crippling economy, the wars on Iraq and Afghanistan and a host of other issues happening on the national and global fronts. Thus I think Obama has won due to his sheer honesty, sincerity and loyalty with the way he has talked throughout his campaign. Now when 20th January 2009 arrives, he needs to show that whatever he talked all this while, he actually means the same. Obama needs to be different from the rest of the presidents who have served the American Presidential office. He must manifest something new and creative as he is indeed very different from the

Reflective Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Reflective Assignment - Essay Example Reid (1993) posits to the effect that a reflection is a process of reviewing an experience of practice in order to describe, analyse, evaluate and so inform learning about practice. Having undertaken the Glo-bus business simulation in a team from early October 2012 up to the end of January 2013, the aim of this report is to carry a reflective analysis of the experience I gained from working in this team. This simulation game was supposed to put us in a realistic and competitive market setting as well as to try to manage the company’s operations. The decisions made were supposed to be evaluated against the decisions made by other competitors comprised of other class members. In order to win the simulation, teamwork is a virtue. From the Glo-bus business simulation, I can safely say that we attained something positive though we also encountered negative aspects in our team. Therefore, I would like to start by reflecting on the things we have done well and I will also reflect on the areas that were badly done. The main part of the paper will focus on the theoretical framework of the concept of teamwork as well as to reflect the measures that can be taken to improve the success of teams in organizations. Summary of the simulation game My team was comprised of Anyta Burton, Vira Yurcheto, Muntazer Mohammad, Agil Mohastov and myself. In this team, we were supposed to log on to Glo-bus and familiarise ourselves with the system. We were also supposed to work on the weaknesses identified as a team in order to improve the performance of Glo-bus. We were also supposed to have periodic group meetings that were designed to reflect on the progress made as well as to highlight the areas that needed some sort of improvement. The major strength in our team is that our communication system was clear and open and there was mutual understanding among all members. The team leader played an active role in coordinating as well as controlling all communication processes in the group. All decisions made in the group were reached through consensus and consultations among all members of the team were held prior to the implementation of the decision agreed. We realised that this strategy was very effective in dealing with aspects related to conflicts among the members of the team. The other strength is that we managed to influence all the members of the group to have a positive sense towards the simulation process that we carried out. Indeed, we encountered some challenges in carrying out this exercise but to a certain extent, it can be noted that the combined efforts of the group members played a significant role in carrying out the simulation exercise. The main weakness we encountered in our team is that some of the members were not very confident in what they were doing. This certainly impacted the overall performance of the team. We identified seven weaknesses that were supposed to be dealt with. Only two of them were solved while the remaining five requi red solutions from us as a team. The problem here is that team members like Agile lacked confidence in themselves and they did not effectively play their role. For instance, Mo was backing Agile Mohastov after realising that he was slack in his performance. We also had little confidence in him that he would perform to a high level of performance and requirement. This certainly i

Country risk analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Country risk analysis - Research Paper Example Therefore, the country’s economy is growing and when united with its population increase, India is indeed a very significant nation for investment in the world (Machiraju 36). This paper will seek to discuss a country risk analysis with reference to India by taking the perspective of a multinational corporation considering expanding its operations into that country, and is intended to assess the business environment in that country. Geographical Location Bounded in the south eastern part by the Arabian sea, in south by the Indian Ocean, and on the south eastern side by the Bengal Bay, the country of India shares her border land with Bhutan in the north-eastern side, Pakistan on the western angle, and Nepal, China, Burma, and Bangladesh on the eastern side (Machiraju 49). India covers an area of 1,269,219 square miles (3,287,263 sq km); the capital city is New Delhi, while the major cities include Chennai, Bangalore, Mumbai, and Kolkata. With regard to the Indian Ocean, India l ies within the vicinity of Maldives and Sri Lanka while the islands of Nicobar and Andaman share the maritime border with the states of Indonesia and Thailand (Saleem 66). This indicates that India lays within a very vibrant economic location – a factor that gives this country too much international openness. Thus, any multinational corporation considering expanding its operations into this country should do so without hesitation. Accordingly, the Indian naval hydrographic charts maintains that the coastline of India measures up to 4,700Â  mi (7,517 kilometers) lengthwise; within that distance, 3,400Â  mi (5,423 kilometers) belong to India’s peninsular and 1,300Â  mi (2,094 kilometers) to the Nicobar, Andaman, and Lakshadweep chains of the island (Devonshire-Ellis 48). This country has several rivers which major origin is Himalaya that flows through the country to the Bengal Bay. Brahmaputra and Ganges are the major rivers supplying India with larger amounts of wate r. The Ganges River has important tributaries such as the Kosi and Yamuna (Carbaugh 54). Cases of flooding are common with the Yamuna tributary but the major peninsular rivers such as the Tapti and Narmada have steeper gradients, which deter them from causing floods. The country is geographically divisive and the costal characteristics comprise the marshy Kutch Ran situated in the western part of India (Bouchet, Ephraim, and Bertrand 50). The country has alluvial Sundarbans delta found in eastern India. Climate The Himalayas Mountains and the Thar Desert have a great influence on India’s climate. Fact findings show that they both act as the driving force of the country’s major sources of income. They are the pivotal determiners of the winter and summer monsoons winds, hence influencing the culture and economy of the state strongly (Machiraju 55). The Himalayas also shield India from the excruciating wrath of the cold katabatic winds of Central Asia by keeping the India n subcontinent bulk warmer as opposed to similar states under same latitudes (Carbaugh 84). The Desert of Thar has a pragmatic role to play as it attracts the moisture-laden summer monsoon winds, which blow from the south-west. These winds are very important to the people of this country as they provide most of the country’s rainfall when they blow between the months of June and October (Saleem 81). India has four predominant climatic groupings, namely

European Social Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

European Social Model - Essay Example Article 36 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights1 and Article 16 of the EC Treaty2 establish SGI amongst the common values of the Union as well as their role in fostering social and territorial cohesion. Implementation of SGIs also ensures that some fundamental human rights are upheld, such as, the right to health and care; the right to education; the right to housing; the right to work; the right to access water and electricity, etc. Personal social services are not only services of general interest but also an indispensable element of social protection systems. The European social model contributes substantially to the European Union's economic development and productivity. Social protection systems provide both a base for the creation of wealth, and a guarantee against social exclusion, poverty, insecurity and discrimination. These services differ from other SGI in that their quality depends on other requirements such as vulnerability and dependency of their users. The principles governing the single market have led to the growing dominance of the logic of the market, which should remain a means and not become an end and should thus effectively support the fundamental objectives of the European Union, which are "to promote economic and social progress", "to achieve balanced and sustainable development", to reinforce "social and economic cohesion"3. . . Two different legal regimes apply to SGI and to social protection systems. EU competition law covers services of general economic interest while social security systems fall outside the scope of EU competition law as stated in 29 of the European's Commission Communication on Services of General Interest in Europe / Com (2000) 580: In the second place,... This paper explores that the principles governing the single market have led to the growing dominance of the logic of the market, which should remain a means and not become an end and should thus effectively support the fundamental objectives of the European Union, which are "to promote economic and social progress", "to achieve balanced and sustainable development", to reinforce "social and economic cohesion" . Two different legal regimes apply to SGI and to social protection systems. As the report declares services such as national education and compulsory basic social security schemes are also excluded from the application of competition and internal market rules. With regard to the former, the European Court of Justice ruled that the State, in establishing and maintaining such a system, is not seeking to engage in gainful activity but is fulfilling its duty towards is own population in the social, cultural and educational fields. The European legal tools of governance have served to Europeanize services of general interest. The reconciliation of the European market orientated approach to liberalization and the national defence of public services had been brought about by the creation of a Community law concept of â€Å"universal service†. This has been achieved through the use of Article 86 EC and the soft law communications by the Commission. Governance by soft law queries the legitimacy of the exercise and the legal nature of soft law Communications.

Individual reflective assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Individual reflective assessment - Essay Example many skills and the module ‘Academic Skills for Accountancy’ has helped me a lot in developing some of the skills required for the profession of auditing. Following are skills related to accounting that I have developed throughout the module. One of the most important skills for an auditor is to be able to critically evaluate the audit evidence obtained as a result of the audit procedures which include inquiries from the management, observation of the procedures done by management and inspection of accounting records. Through this semester, I have developed this skill significantly. The course has introduced me to specifics of the skills required for critical evaluation of evidence. For the forthcoming year, I plan to develop this skill by conducting further research on the audit and by studying practical examples regarding audits of significant entities. One of the most important areas that would be focused would be of professional scepticism. Professional scepticism is the ability of an auditor to keep a questioning mind and this attitude helps the auditor not to generalize the results of the evaluation of evidence obtained. I would learn how to develop professional scepticism. An ability every accountant must have is the ability to analyse the information provided and to draw conclusions with sufficient rationalization. The same skill is also important for an auditor because it is the responsibility of an auditor to analyse the evidence obtained and to provide a reasonable assurance backed by rationalized conclusions. The semester helped me significantly in improving this ability (Cottrell 2008). In accounting, each transaction has a dual effect therefore if any one part of the transaction is not recorded, it can be traced from the other part. Thus, everything in the financial records becomes linked and the missing links can be found by analysing the recorded information. The same skill is also highly important for the profession of auditing. Since this is

Emerging Market Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Emerging Market - Coursework Example This has lead innovation in the variety ways of availing resources to the customers through advertisement. In addition, businesses around the world are experiencing changes due to increasing number of emerging markets and there is also stiff competition in those emerging markets. Furthermore, the innovation of new ways of marketing with the use of high-tech machines and information technology (IT) has made the world a global village. This paper will focus on emerging markets in China. China has been considered by most businesses to be hard to achieve the best marketing strategies. This is because companies in China have grown for decades adopting sophisticated ways in their business performance. This has posed challenges to any company wanting to tap or consider starting a business in China. Companies, especially the western companies, have been faced with challenges but sometimes they have got opportunities to tap into emerging markets in China (Czinkota & Ronkainen 2009). China has grown to be the best economic country since inception of marketing reforms in 1978. The marketing reforms moved the country from a central governing style to a market defined economy. Changes have been felt in the country, for example, more that 500 million people have been salvaged out of poverty making the country achieve their targets. China is currently the second biggest economy after the US, and the economy of Chinese is still growing, which is one of the best achievements in the world’s most populated country of 1.3 billion people. Chinese products had high demand during the 2008 financial crisis when most countries in the world were hit by inflation and high prices of goods. The cheaper products from China were demanded by many customers. This was after the country made changes by the implementation of a $586 billion stimulus package which saw increases in leading rates by many institutions to their customers for the improvement of businesses (Dorn 2011). Despite the achievements of the Chinese government, the countries still has a high number of people living below the poverty line. China has a high number of poor people in the world and it ranks in the second position after India. World Bank numbers show that the gross national income per capita in China is $6091, and because of this, average income of persons per day is 1.8 dollars making the country to be ranked at the 90th income per capita position. Despite the high economic growth that China is undergoing, a number of challenges are faced by the country, for example, an increased rate of inequality is experience in the country. China is attributed to be losing a lot due to environmental challenges. According to Zhang (2012), estimation caused by environmental challenges in the economy is 10.51% of the gross national income. This is based on a 2008 review by the World Bank. The main focus in China is to sort the challenges they are facing with more attention on environmental and social ch allenges. The issue the country is facing is addressed in a 5-year plan which is taking place between 2011 and 2015. Characteristics and Challenges of Emerging Marketing in China The characteristics of emerging marketing China are mostly shared by most Asians countries like Japan, South Korea and China. The Asians countries have the same styles of marketing which makes them to be accepted in their continent as compared to emerging markets of Western

SSL Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

SSL Security - Essay Example SSL implementations provide various secret and public key encryption algorithms. The secret algorithm keys employ key lengths spanning from 40 to 168 bits. Most SSL software is limited to 521 bit RSA keys and 40 bit secret keys given export restrictions (Bossley). Brute force searches are a technique that exhaustively tries out possible keys until an appropriate one is found. In a bid to identify an appropriate key, it is required that one be in possession of a plaintext and the corresponding ciphertext (Eugene, 2). Advancements in technology resulting in enhanced computing performance have increasingly made practical exhaustive key searches against keys that are of fixed length. The dictionary attack is the most effective type of known plaintext attacks especially when a reduced number of crypto keys are used. Attackers thereby develop a dictionary comprising all possible encryptions of known plaintext messages such as the Get command. On receiving the encrypted message, the dictionary looks it up. An attack occurs when the ciphertext matches a particular entry in the dictionary that was previously encrypted using an identical secret key (Giacomo 1). SSL prevents dictionary attacks by using the 128 bit keys wherein 40 bits are kept secret while the rest are derived from the data revealed in hello messages. The combination of both the 40 bit secret key and the 88 bit known key results in an encryption that employs all 128 bits. This renders dictionary attacks impossible given that they also should have differentiated entries in order to realize all 128 bit keys. SSL prevents replay attacks during handshaking protocols through the use of a 128bit nonce which is unique to a given connection. The nonce is unpredictable in advance given that it is based on events that are also unpredictable (Bossley). The attacker gathers messages earlier transmitted and replays them in a bid to repeat interesting transactions such as the transfer of money. In this

English 1B Short Story Comparison essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

English 1B Short Story Comparison - Essay Example This paper compares and contrasts these two stories in terms of themes, point of view, and style. As stated by Tim O’Brien the story The Things they Carried portrays peace or reconciliation and not warfare or conflict yet for the combatants they have to engage in warfare before attaining peace. The setting for the story is mostly in Vietnam, and those chapters that occur in other parts of the world are thoughts about the war and the extent of its impact on the individuals that the combatants mature into. Being engaged in war for too long made the soldiers unable to cope with their ‘normal’ surroundings (O’Brien 23): They carried the soldier’s greatest fear, which was the fear of blushing. Men killed, and died, because they were embarrassed not to. It was what had brought them to the war in the first place, nothing positive, no dreams of glory or honor, just to avoid the blush of dishonor. They died so as not to die of embarrassment. The second important theme is guilt. There is an enormous level of guilt taking place in the story. For instance, both Cross and Bowker think that they should be held responsible for the death of Kiowa. Even O’Brien senses too much guilt for taking the life of an unreal person. The third central theme is truth. O’Brien emphasized that truth is revealed in numerous different ways in the story. Although not every part of the stories is real, the emotions and sentiments within them are. The last major theme is seclusion. The soldiers were secluded from the outside world, for that was there way to survive. They regarded everybody as strangers and not only the people of Vietnam but those at home too. Even at home they regarded themselves secluded, for the people around them were unable to understand or grasp the ordeals they had to endure in order to survive. One of the most obvious

Evidence Rule Essay Example for Free

Evidence Rule Essay The best evidence rule pertains to the rule that the evidence that is permissible on the court is that evidence which is original. It is because when copies of evidence are made, there is a possibility that the copy will be altered or tampered so copies are not the best evidence. The best evidence to be presented would be the original evidence. The best evidence rule implies that copies or unoriginal evidences be not permissible to the court. I think it is because the only thing that could prove the document and the involvement of that document would be the evidence itself. And the content cannot be compromised because it may lead to false conclusion of the proceedings. It is also called the â€Å"original writing rule† (Bergman Berman-Barrett, 2008) This will be discussed further later. However, a secondary source may be used as the evidence to be presented on a court trial if the original is not available. The original is pertained as the primary source. A primary source is that which is original and has come or created during an event. A secondary source would be those sources that resulted from the primary source. The content of a secondary source contains information or opinions regarding to the primary source (Eamon, 2004). It means that the secondary source comes only after the primary source and is just related to the source. So, a copy is not necessarily a secondary source. It may be a copy of a primary source. In a court trial, the primary source is what is usually preferred to be introduced. When it is not available, secondary source can be used, as said earlier. The best evidence rule states that as long as the original document is available, that should be produced for a court trial. A secondary source will only be admissible if the original document is not available. So when the original document is difficult to produce, it doesn’t mean that the secondary source can be used as an alternative. The lawyer should do his best to produce that original document. This is what it meant for the original writing rule. As I’ve mentioned earlier, the content of a document would be the document itself. There can be biases if secondary sources will be used in place of the original document. An example of introducing a secondary source in place of the primary source will be when a document that would prove that there really has been a contract been lost, say, in a fire. A secondary source, in a form of a testimony can be used as evidence. References: Bergman, Paul and Sara Berman-Barrett. 2007. Represent Yourself in Court: How to Prepare and Try a Winning Case. USA: NOLO. Eamon, Michael. 2004. Defining Primary and Secondary Resources. Library And Archives Canada. Retrieved 10 May 2009 from http://www . collectionscanada. gc. ca/education/008-3010-e. html.

Isolation of Sarracenin from Root Barks of Strychnos Spinosa

Isolation of Sarracenin from Root Barks of Strychnos Spinosa On isolation of Sarracenin from Root barks of Strychnos spinosa and its Antimicrobial Properties. A known iridoid, Sarracenin, was isolated from the root bark of Strychnos spinosa. Its structure was elucidated by 1D and 2D-NMR experiments, and comparison with reported data. This is the first time it has been isolated from this species. The compound showed significant antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Shigella dysenteriae, Klebsiella pneumonia, Candida albicans Candida tropicalis, Candida thrusei, and Candida stellatoidea, respectively. The genus Strychnos (Loganiaceae), consist of about 75 accepted species found throughout the tropics and subtropical Africa [1]. Strychnos spinosa is commonly known as Kaffir orange, Spiny monkey orange or Natal orange. It is utilized variously in African traditional medicine for ailments such as dropsy, earache, snakebite, fever, elephantiasis, fever epilepsy and rheumatism [2]. The isolation and structural elucidation of the iridoid sarracenin from the root bark of this plant and its antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Shigella dysenteriae, Klebsiella pneumonia, Candida albicans Candida tropicalis, Candida thrusei, and Candida stellatoidea, respectively, is hereby reported. Results and Discussion. The compound was obtained as fine, transparent, needle shaped crystals. It was determined as Sarracenin using 1D and 2D-NMR experiments, and comparison with reported data [3, 4, 5]. Some revisions to reported chemical shift assignments [3, 4] based on our DEPTq135, H, H-COSY, HMBC, HSQC and NOESY data are suggested. Table 1.1HNMR Data of Sarracenin in CDCl3 (ÃŽ ´ in ppm, J in Hz) based on fig. 1A DEPT spectra: DEPTq 135 spectrum gave the proton chemical shifts 166.77 (quaternary or methylene), 150.08 (methine or methyl), 112.32 (quaternary or methylene), 91.68 (methine or methyl), 88.13 (methine or methyl), 68.99 (methine or methyl), 51.42 (methine or methyl), 35.06 (quaternary or methylene), 32.26 (methine or methyl), 22.06 (methine or methyl), 18.70 (methine or methyl). The conclusion by Miles et al, [3] that signals at 35.1 and 22.1 are due to methine (C-5) and methylene (C-6), respectively, does not agree with our results; otherwise, we agree with their 13 C conclusions. Similarly, Wang et al, [4] report of chemical shifts at 91.7 as quaternary, 112.3 as methine, 18.7 as quaternary and 166.8 as methyl (Table 2.) is at variance with their justifications on HMQC and HMBC data. In addition, Wang et al, [4] reports 1HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 5.78 (d, J = 1.6 Hz), 1.34 (d, J = 6.5Hz, 3 H) as signals for protons at C-1 and C- 10, respectively; no protons are located at those positions (Figure 1A). It would seem a different numbering scheme was used, however, two different numberings were considered (Figures 1A 1B) neither agreed completely with Wang et al, [4]. Those assignments would appear to have distorted conclusions on 1H, 1H-COSY, HMBC and HMQC data (Tables 1 2). 1HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 7.46 (s, 1H), 5.79 (t, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H), 4.99 (dd, J = 3.5, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 4.22 (q, J = 6.5 Hz, 1H), 2.98 (ddt, J = 10.7, 4.0, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 2.44 – 2.31 (m, 1H), 1.68 (dddd, J = 10.0, 5.3, 2.9, 1.0 Hz, 2H), 1.35 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 3H). Table 2.13C-NMR Data of Sarracenin in CDCl3 (ÃŽ ´ in ppm) based on fig. 1A Key * = Major areas with observed variation. It was noted that the compound contained 11 signals using13C-NMR and DEPT spectra, including two Me, one CH2, six CH, and two quaternary carbons. Analysis of overall NMR spectroscopic data revealed the signals at 1 2 E Figure 1A. Numbering of Sarracenin as by Miles et al, [3] and present work, B: Numbering as on www.chemspider.com[6] C: Important HMBC correlations, D: Important NOESY correlations, E: Important 1H-1HCOSY correlations. 1HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, TMS)ÃŽ ´7.46 (s, 1 H), 5.79 (t, J = 1.9, 1 H), 4.99 (dd, J = 3.5, 0.8, 1 H), 4.22 (q, J = 6.5, 1 H), 3.76 (s, 3 H), 2.98 (ddt, J = 10.7, 4.0, 1.9, 1 H), 2.37, 1.68 (m, dddd, J = 10.0, 5.3, 2.9, 1.0, 2 H), 1.35 (d, J = 6.5, 3 H); 13CNMR and DEPT (100 MHz, CDCl3, TMS) 166.77 (ester C=O), 150.08 (olefinicCH), 112.32 (olefinic quaternary carbon), 91.68 (CH), 88.13 (CH), 68.99 (CH), 51.42 (ester OCH3), 35.06 (methylene), 32.26 (CH), 22.06 (allylic CH), 18.70 (CH3) Antimicrobial activity The antimicrobial activities of sarracenin were assayed against some pathogenic microbes obtained from the Department of Medical Microbiology A.B.U. Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria. The compound showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Klebsiella pnuemoniae, Candida tropicalis and Candida stellatoidea (Table 3.). This points sarracenin out as a major medicinal principle of Strychnos spinosa and lends justification to its use in traditional medicine. Experimental Collection of Plant Material The root bark of Strychnos spinosa was collected from Katsina-Ala, Benue State, Nigeria, in August, 2013. The bark was air-dried and their size reduced with the aid of a wooden mortar and pestle. Extraction and Isolation The ground material (750 g) was macerated for 72 hours using 500 mL each of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. Preliminary antimicrobial screening revealed the ethyl acetate extract to be most active against test microbes. Thus the ethyl acetate extract (10 g) was separated by Vacuum liquid chromatography. A very gentle gradient elution was used from hexane through to ethyl acetate. Thirty fractions (25 ml each) were collected and allowed to evaporate to approximately half their initial volumes. Fine needles were observed in fractions 20-25. These were monitored by TLC on ethyl acetate- methanol (1:1) solvent system and plates visualized using iodine vapour. The combined needles (221 mg) were further purified using SephadexLH20 with methanol-ethyl acetate ratio (1:1) as solvent. 1HNMR, 13CNMR and 2DNMR experiments were carried out on the purified compound using 30 mg. Its melting point was 123 – 1240C determined using Electro thermal IA 9300 (Gallenkhamp capillary melting point apparatus with a thermometer). Antimicrobial Assay The compound (0.01 mg) was weighed and dissolved in DMSO (10 mL) to obtain a concentration of 10 Â µg/mL (This would subsequently be used to determine the antimicrobial activities of the plant). Mueller Hinton and Sabouraud dextrose agar were used as growth media for the microbes. All the media were prepared according to the manufacturer’s instructions, sterilized at 121 oC for 15 min and were poured into sterile petri dishes, allowed to cool and solidify. Disc diffusion method was used to screen the initial crude extracts. Sterilized media were seeded with a standard inoculum (0.1 ml) of test microbe, Mueller Hinton for the bacteria and SDA for the fungi. The inoculum was spread evenly over the surface of the media using a sterile swab. A well (6 mm) was cut at the center of the inoculated medium using a standard cork-borer (6 mm diameter). Solution of the extract (0.1 mL) was introduced into each well of the inoculated medium. The inoculated media were incubated at 37 oC fo r 24 hours for bacteria and at 30 oC for 7 days for the fungi, after which plates were observed for zones of inhibition of growth. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of the compound was determined using the broth dilution method. Minimum bactericidal concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration (MBC and MFC) were also carried out to determine whether the test microbes were killed or only inhibited. Ciprofloxacin, Fulcin and Fluconazole were used as positive controls. Table 3. Antimicrobial Activity of sarracenin Key: S = Sensitive, R = Resistant, = (No turbidity) No colony growth, Ã ° = MIC or MBC or MFC, + = (Turbid) Scanty colony growth, ++ = Moderate colony growth, +++ = Heavy colony growth References Sitrit, Y., Loison, S., Ninio R, et al. (October 2003). Characterization of monkey orange (Strychnos spinosa Lam.), a potential new crop for arid regions. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51 (21): 6256–60. De, B.B. and Bisset, N.G. (1988). Alkaloids from the leaves of strychnos wallichiana steudelEx. A. DC. Indian Drugs 26 (2): 90-91. Miles, H. D.,Kokpol, U., Bhattacharyya, J.,Atwood, J. L.,Stone, K. E.,Bryson, T. A. and Wilson, C. (1976). Structure of Sarracenin. An Unusual EnolDiacetalMonoterpene from the Insectivorous Plant Sarracenia Java.J. Am. Chem. Soc. (6) 1570 Wang, Y., Wei, Q., Yang, L., and Liu, Z. (2003). Iridoid Glucosides from Chinese Herb Lonicerachrysathaand their antitumor activity. J. Chem. Research (S) 676-677 Yang, X., Li, E., Zhang, Q., Yuan, C., and Jia, Z. (2006). Five New Iridoids from Patrinarupestris. Helv. Chim. Acta. (3) 762-770 http://www.chemspider.com

Dislike of mathematics amongst secondary students

Dislike of mathematics amongst secondary students DISLIKE OF MATHEMATICS AMONGST SECONDARY STUDENTS 1. INTRODUCTION Why do kids, students and adults seem dislike mathematics? It is quite common for small children to say â€Å"I love numbers†. Do they really know exactly what mathematics is? We always see small children counting numbers from 1 to 10, even sing a song make up from the numbers. But what happen to these children as they grow up? What make them to change their mind to dislike mathematics? Some will roll their eyes or let out a sigh. They give so many reasons, such as â€Å"Its too hard,† â€Å"Im not good at math,† or â€Å"why do I even need Mathematics?† Where does this attitude come from? After being a Mathematics teacher for about 3 years, I have discovered that almost all students in Brunei Darussalam claimed to â€Å"hate mathematics†. This can be seen from their attitude in the class, interaction with the teacher and also the students progress report. The very much sad thing is that students just want to pass the examination without understanding why they have to study mathematics. Still mathematics has the highest failure rate of any subject at school-leaving level. Why does mathematics seem to inspire fear and intimidation in students in secondary schools and even when they are in the higher level. In my childhood, I still remember is that I was not taught how to study mathematics. Like any subject the study of mathematics becomes a pile of information. But if you are taught how to study mathematics then you will never find this problematic. Mathematics cannot be taught one way. Students always stick to the method being taught without seeking the alternative way of the working. These kinds of attitude make mathematics become â€Å"strict to the rule method†. One funny culture about students in Brunei, it is an â€Å"honor† for them to admit they are not good in mathematics, but who would ever admit to NOT being able to Read? This has been passing from generations. Math is an essential subject to maintain our modern way of life. Without mathematics, not much would be possible. So why is it acceptable to become a failure at mathematics? They believe that mathematics only belongs to gifted or genius who wants to become a mathematics teacher, doctor, professor, engineer and lots more. 2. Real Scenario in Brunei From my previous experience as a Mathematics teacher, students in Brunei especially weak classes, tend to show their unwillingness at the start of the lesson. Students still keep wandering around during teacher presence in front .Students are expected to be ready for lesson the moment the teacher steps into the classroom. Textbooks, exercise books and any materials as required by the teacher are to be placed on their desks. Action is usually taken on persistent students who always forget to bring their learning materials, the purpose, which is to teach and instill self-responsibility in the students. However, there are also some students who do not care about the warning given by the class teacher. First task when teaching a class is to correctly understand the students background, their expectations from the course and their willingness to do the required efforts. May be this can be done by conducting a survey or simply just ask them personally. At the beginning of the lesson, for upper secondary level, students will find the topics quite new for them. It is quite a common scene to see students lost their direction at the beginning of the lesson. It is the job of the teacher to interact with them and try to relate the topics to everyday life. What I can say here, the level of ignorance of the students very high towards the subject Mathematics. Students who show interest in studying Mathematics at the beginning of the lesson may also somehow lost their direction as the teacher goes deeper into the subject matter. Students are also required to submit their homework on time. Usually, I begin the lesson by reviewing the homework that has been set during the previous class. Some students do not submit due to difficulties that the students have. Generally teachers are very strict with deadlines for the submission of homework. Overall, there is always a sentiment of anti-mathematics in every class that I taught which can be seen from all aspects of the students. In the next pages, I will explain more on the factors that rise up this critical issue of mathematics. 3. Sign of having problems in Mathematics amongst the students A student with problems in mathematics may shows one or more of the following below: unable to recall basic mathematics rules, or formulas even the teachers have explain repeatedly having difficulties in understanding mathematical work and spend long time in learning simple topics Very low esteem which can seen from their handwriting which is hard to read. Have difficulties in remembering previously encountered questions which have been attempted many times before. Have problem in recall what have been taught in previous class Not confident, hesitate and forget what he or she is doing in the middle of a math problem Have difficulty with the language of mathematics and easily being confused. The students do not know when/how to use the correct theorem/formula for mathematical problems. Easily lost direction or concentration whiles the teachers teaching in front. Have difficulty explaining and communicating about mathematics, including asking and answering questions. Escape or absent from class, late submitting homework and fail in mathematics are one of the most common behavior of problematic students towards mathematics. 4. The factors that make students dislike Mathematics A. Sequential in nature. Mathematics is sequential in nature. That means that when we learn one concept , knowledge or skill, it will be needed in another topics. This is basically true when students who have not mastered a preceding skill have difficulty in learning new work. Students might feel discourage by this continuous learning and exhausted throughout the process. Obviously, students who have strong basic knowledge will be able to do mathematics problem much faster compare to students who are not. Students find math to be hard is because it is usually not taught correctly, and it is usually not studied correctly. Mathematics needs to be learned step by step, topic by topic. If a student does not completely understand a particular topic, there is no point in moving on to a harder topic that requires knowledge of the first topic. It is typical in Brunei, there is very little time to review back the old materials in school. It is up to the student to recognize if the students do not fully understand a particular topic, and to go for tutoring. In most cases, this doesnt happen, and the student gradually becomes more and more confused and discouraged. Another problem is that students are promoted from one grade to the next, even if they are not at all close to being ready for the next grades work. There are a variety of reasons why this happens, none of which are the focus of this editorial, but Ill just say that until we stop pushing kids into classes that they arent ready for, the education crisis in this country will continue and get worse. Mathematics is a subject that requires a tremendous amount of thought and patience. Weak students typically rush through their mathematics homework, and declare it to be done, The students not even check the working properly and not even thought of the answer. The following day in school, the teacher will review the homework very quickly, and then just move on to a new topic. B. One answer concept Mathematics is an exact subject. Normally, students in Brunei will take 8 subjects during their secondary level and Mathematics is the only subject that requires long working but yet only one acceptable answer. Many students have trouble with the exactness of mathematics. For them, what is wrong is always wrong and vice versa. Students always thought that â€Å"Doing mathematics means getting one right answer,† â€Å"Mathematics is a collection of rules, theorems, and procedures to be memorized,† and â€Å"Teaching math involves working through the textbook page by page and assigning drill exercises from the workbooks or worksheets for practice.† As a result of belief in these myths, many students are convinced that they cannot do math. Students are very fragile at this stage, they rather concentrate on the subjects that not required drilling like mathematics and give up mathematics. But the students do not know that mathematics can become more interesting as they go further, mathematics is not just getting the right answer. C. Math Phobia â€Å"Im not good at math†, â€Å"I hate math† or â€Å"math is too hard† are common phrases heard by teachers and parents. One of the symptom is s/he does not want to do any class work. When the task is easy, s/he tries to do the work but never completes the assignment. Sometimes, s/he gets frustrated and says that s/he is stupid because she just doesnt understand math. Anxious individuals may avoid mathematics classes, may be more likely to have negative attitudes toward mathematic related activities. This type of students seems to suffer from math phobia also known as math anxiety. Mathematics anxiety means the students fear that one wont be able to do the math or the fear that its too hard or the fear of failure. The students had very negative experiences in her mathematics class that the students failed before. May be the previous teachers might have had ignored this type of students that lead to lack self-efficacy. D. Difficulty Transferring Knowledge(connection with reality) One very common difficulty experienced by students with mathematics problems is the inability to connect mathematics concept to the real world. In school, this can obviously be seen when we give questions which involve loss and profit gain of purchasing products to the students. Only few of them can deeply understand what is meant by loss and gain. The fear of mathematics makes them uneasy to relate mathematics problems to their everyday life. In ‘O level Mathematics Examination, it is about 20 percent in paper 1 dealing with everyday life mathematics and the students always fall into these tricky questions. They spend long time in solving this and sometime to a halt. Students do not believe that directly proportion rules can be used in our life when buying goods. What I try to say here is that, the students do not trust the power of mathematics and how mathematics can benefit us. Students usually are not aware that mathematics is everywhere in this world and it is unavoidable for them to meet Math problems in the real world. Whenever they go to the shop, students normally do not bring the knowledge they have gain in school with them. They thought that mathematics exist only in school just for the sake of the examination. E. Less motivation The last but not least, students have less motivation when come to studying mathematics. The word â€Å"lazy† is very common given to the students who do not submit their homework. Lengthy working and long formula become a burden for them. Not all students who are weak in mathematics because they have problems with the subject but due to lack of motivation from the teachers and also the parent. It is quite common to encounter students who do badly in mathematics but excel in other subjects. In some case, the students do give up in studying mathematics and even choose not to involve in the fields that required Mathematics. There are also students who just escape the mathematics class just to avoid this important subject. Less motivation will lead the students to less confident in doing mathematics problem and as the days goes by, they see mathematics as a subject that make the feel down. F. Incomplete Understanding of the Language of Math For some students, dislike of mathematics is driven by problems with language. These students may also experience difficulty with reading, writing, and speaking. In mathematics, however, their language problem is due to the topics itself example matrices, simultaneous equation, vector and some of which they hear nowhere outside of the math classroom. These students have difficulty understanding written or verbal directions or explanations. 5. How to overcome students who dislike mathematics a) Teach basic concepts using concrete objects. Let students learn mathematics in which they can feel and experience themselves. Learning probability will become more interesting by allowing them using marbles, cards and colored balls. Students will tend to remember more which help them to understand the concept easily. b) Provide specialized materials. As a teacher it is important to use correct materials for the students. For example, using graph paper will help the students in drawing the axes and plotting the points. Scrap paper can also be used to encourage the students to do working for every mathematics problems. Teachers should aware the students to be more organize in doing there working and emphasize the important of discipline in mathematics. c) Practice student-centered. Ask the students the procedures they would like to use when solving a problem, and guide each procedure for them. The interaction between students and teacher will somehow help in the learning process. By doing this also, the teachers will know the weakness, the strength of each of the students and the confusion they leading to. d) Use cooperative math-problem-solving activities. To overcome dislike of mathematics, teachers should give opportunities for students to work in groups when solving math problems. The students will gradually gain their confidence by sharing their thinking aloud as they solve problems. e) Provide time for reviewingtheir work. Teachers must emphasize that completing math assignments is a process. Encourage students to become comfortable reviewing their work, making changes, or asking questions when they are unsure of their answers. f) Connect mathematics concept to the real-world. Teacher must understand that mathematics is always a problem for students. By connecting mathematics problems to the everyday used will be very helpful to the students. Students can easily digest the mathematics concept and even apply to themselves. For example in studying statistics, we can ask the students to make a case study of population in Brunei or how to use percentages to understand the price of a jacket on sale at the mall or the amount of their allowance spent on snacks. 6. My conclusion From my own understanding, with the widespread dislike of mathematics, it is not the job of educator only but also the society on changing these negative attitudes. I suggest that teachers should focus on improving the classroom affective environment and mentally motivate the students to foster positive attitudes in mathematics. As a parent, they must understand that gaining knowledge is not only at school but also need to be cultivated at home.

What Documents To Review At A Closing For A Mortgage :: Mortgage Closing Documents

What Documents To Review At A Closing For A Mortgage Three important mortgage documents 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mortgage 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Note 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  HUD-1 Settlement Statement Mortgage †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People who sign only have an interest in the property and our not responsible to pay for the loan †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Make sure the correct legal description and address are listed †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gives the rights of the mortgage company o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Usually very standard †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Secures the note †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gives the lender a claim against the home if you fail to live up to the terms of the loan Note †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Those who sign the note are responsible for paying the mortgage and their credit will be effected (positively and/or negatively) by the loan †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  States the interest rate o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fixed o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ARM loan and how often the interest rate will change †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  States the loan term o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How many years the loan is o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A prepayment penalty will be listed if applicable †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  States the late charge amount o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A percentage of the principal and interest †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  States the principal and interest of the payment o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The escrow amount is not stated †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  States the payment is due o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Check with the lender if there is a grace period †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  States the loan amount †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Promise to repay the mortgage †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  States what the lender can do if you fail to make payments HUD-1 Settlement Statement †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A detailed list of all costs related to the sale of the home †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A precise record of the settlement costs †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Both buyer and seller sign Helpful Tips †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Have an attorney present that represents you and you only †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You have a three day rescission period †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Review sections 900 and 1000 of the HUD statement if you sign for an escrow †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At closing you have the opportunity to make last minute changes †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bring any documents that you previously received to the closing and refer to the documents at closing †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Check to see if there are any back taxes on the property o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Once you sign off on property those taxes are your responsibility Explanation of the HUD-1 Statement BUYER’S RECAP Line 101 is for purchases, purchase price would go here. Line 102 is for any personal property that is included with sale on purchases only. Line 103 is Total for Page Line 104 and 105 are for Mortgage Payoffs. Lines 106 thru 112 are items that buyer has agreed to pay for in advance. Line 120 is the total of all charges to buyer. Line 201 is money deposit given by buyer Line 202 is new loan amount Line 203 is for existing loans buyer will assume or pay to seller. Line 204 thru 209 is for misc. credits to buyer as agreed to up-front. Lines 210 thru 219 are for credits to buyer from seller for taxes, etc. Line 220 is total credits to buyer Line 303 is difference due to or from buyer.

Carl Gustav Jung - Primer of Jungian Psychology :: Biographies

Carl Gustav Jung - Primer of Jungian Psychology Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) was a son of a minister in Switzerland. He was born on July 26, in the small village of Kesswil on Lake Constance. He was named after his grandfather, a professor of medicine at the University of Basel. He was the oldest child and only surviving son of a Swiss Reform pastor. Two brothers died in infancy before Jung was born. Jung's mother was a neurotic and often fought with his father. Father was usually lonely and very irritable. When the child could not take his mother's depressions and his parents' fights, he sought refuge in the attic, where he played with a wooden mannikin. Carl was exposed to death early in life, since his father was a minister and attended many funerals, taking his son with him. Also, Jung saw many fishermen get killed in the waterfalls and also many pigs get slaughtered. When he was eleven, he went to a school in Basel, met many rich people and realized that he was poor, compared to them. He liked to read very much outside of class and detested math and physical education classes. Actually, gym class used to give him fainting spells (neurosis) and his father worried that Jung wouldn't make a good living because of his spells. After Carl found out about his father's concern, the faints suddenly stopped, and Carl became much more studious. He had to decide his profession. His choices included archeology, history, medicine, and philosophy. He decided to go into medicine, partly because of his grandfather. Carl went to the University of Basel and had to decide then what field of medicine he was going to go into. After reading a book on psychiatry, he decided that this was the field for him, although psychiatry was not a respectable field at the time. Jung became an assistant at the Burgholzli Mental hospital in Zurich, a famous medical hospital. He studied under Eugen Bleuler, who was a famous psychiatrist who defined schizophrenia. Jung was also influenced by Freud with whom he later became good friends. Freud called him his crown-prince. Their relationship ended when Jung wrote a book called "Symbols of Transformation." Jung disagreed with Freud's fundamental idea that a symbol is a disguised representation of a repressed wish. I will go into that later. After splitting up with Freud, Jung had a 2 year period of non- productivity, but then he came out with his "Psychological Types," a famous

Movie †Psycho Essay

Psycho (1960) is a powerful complex psychological thriller directed by Alfred Hitchcock. This horror movie is based on the novel written by Robert Bloch. Story-wise, though, I do not consider this movie to be an extraordinary but its brilliant excursion and its ingenious construction and above all its wonderful musical scores invented and innovated by Bernard Herrmann has made this movie all time great. Bernard Herrmann was born in New York in 1911. He studied music at Julliard School of Music and joined CBS radio in 1934. He quickly joined young Orson Welles to score his radio plays, including the notorious Wars of the World and within a very short span of time he established himself as a recognized film music scorer. Although remarkably versatile, Herrmann proved particularly adept at scoring dark psychological melodramas, such as Hangover Squire (1945) and On Dangerous Ground (1951), and it was perhaps inevitable that he would be teamed eventually with master of suspense and artist of â€Å"Psycho† Alfred Hitchcock. Their subsequent partnership resulted in a composer-director relationship unmatched in film history of creativity, flair and cinematic symbiosis. We find fantasy, romance, nostalgia, tenderness; all there in Herrmann but the unique scores of â€Å"Psycho†evidently suggest Herrmann’s departure from traditional compositional techniques. The most noticeable departure from film music custom is hat. Herrmann elected a daring and controversial orchestral combination: strings alone. Now such a combination imposes severe limitations on the range of available tone colors. This means a commensurate increase of composing problems, since generally important for composers to be able to call on the many resources of the symphonic ensemble- woodwinds, brass and percussion as well as strings- for variety and contrast in the treatment of musical material. But Herrmann’s selection of string alone deprived him of many tried-and-true musical formulas and effects normally employed in the scoring of horror and suspense films. Going by the established music theories, we find that music theory describes how sounds, which travel in waves, are notated, and how what is sounded, or played, is perceived by the listeners. Every object has a resonant frequency, which is determined by the object composition. Musical sounds are composed of pitch, duration and timbre. Pitch is determined by the sound’s frequency of vibration, whereas Rhythm is the arrangement of sound in time and Meter animates time in regular pulse groupings called measures. Melody is the unfolding in musical time of a principal single line of pitches. This line can be sounded alone, unaccompanied, known as monophony. It can also be accompanied by chords, known as homophony. Melody is often the most identifiable element in western music. Instrumentation is the study and practice of writing music for musical instruments. Writing for a specific instrument requires the ability to take into account the special properties of that instrument. Where as Diegetic Music, which is also called â€Å"source music† is produced by people or devices that are part of the story space of the film. Diegetic sounds are those pieces of sound that the characters in the movie should be able to hear, whether the sound source is visible or nor.   Coming back to â€Å"Psycho†, along with the strings, Herrmann has wonderfully used Diegetic Music also here. One does not have to be musician to notice a marked absence of tunes or melodies in the sense in which these terms are generally used. It is safe to say that in Psycho Herrmann was simply following his own customary practice in this respect but the result in this case is a special, disturbing quality, one which contributes greatly to the scores overall effectiveness. In an interview given in 1971, Herrmann explained that he had used only strings for Psycho because he felt that he could complement the black-and-white photography of the film by creating a black-and white sound. In most people mind the strings are associated first and foremost with romance. Nine times out of ten when a love a scene takes place on the screen the violins will soar in a big tune, the cellos throb in a passionate counter melody. But in Psycho, the level of score created by Herrmann with strings is mainly due to the fact that Strings span the longest effective gamut of notes; have an effective range of dynamics unmatched by the other group; and within the boundaries of their basic single tone colors they can command a great number and variety of special effects. And when the expressive range of string orchestra is compared to that of black-and-white photography, Herrmann analogy becomes perfectly clear. After watching the movie first scene that comes to my mind and the images that conjured are those of Janet Leigh being hacked to death in the shower and now I realize why even people who have not seen the movie are aware of it but Bernard Herrmann’s strident, discordant music, the â€Å"bird-shriek† and â€Å"distorted screaming bird-cries† appears to be one of the most horrifying cues ever composed, Herrmann brilliantly proved here that the view of the camera is very important aspect of film making but to enforce that view and to provide fluidity ,music is even more important. In conclusion this can be safely said that No film sound track library would be complete without â€Å"Psycho†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  References    Movie : –   Psycho U.S. Release date : – June 1960 Running Length  Ã‚   : – 1:48 MPAA Classification : –   R (Violence) Cast : – Anthony Perkins, Vera Miles, John Gavin, Martin Balsam, Janet Leigh Director and Producer   :- Alfred Hitchcock Screenplay : Joseph Stefano based on the novel by Robert Bloch Cinematography : John L Russell Music : Bernard Herrmann U.S. Distributer : Paramount Pictures.

Education and Student Life Essay

The most important factor that affects the student life is the value of time. Being a student we should do everything on time as it never waits for anyone. There are different stages in our life. One of these stages is student days. Student life is considered as the most important period of our life. Our future dreams, desires and hopes depend upon it. Student life is a period of preparations. It is a period of education. At this time, our mind is like clay. Clay is a soft thing and the potter designs various things out of the clay. Like clay, our mind can also be shaped in different ways. Once the pots are made their shape cannot be changed. Likewise, once our character is formed in one way, it cannot be changed easily. If we make right use and receive good education during our student life, we shall be successful in future. On the other hand, if we aren’t serious at this time, we can’t achieve our goals. Students, therefore, should be very careful. We must think serio usly before every step we take. We must learn new things as much as possible at this period. Students are the future leaders of a nation. The prosperity of a nation depends on its students. We have a responsibility to acquire proper education, maintain good character and live a respectable social life. Obedience, diligence, regularity and forbearance are the important parts of student life. We must learn perseverance; it is the root of all success. If we are idle and cannot move on according to time, we can achieve nothing. The most important factor that affects the student life is the value of time. Being a student we should do everything on time as it never waits for anyone. Obeying one’s parents and teachers and respecting and loving one’s elders are the great virtues of a student. Another important part of a student’s life is his/her social life. A student must have good discipline and he/she must be co-operative with everyone. Social life influences our character in many ways. Many students enter college expecting good times, friendship and a good sense of direction. They soon find out that colleges come with challenges and struggles because of the great demands and expectations that are put on the importance of education. Students experience a great deal of stress many times. Thus, it is very important for them to manage a proper routine and stick to it. Student life is the best part of an individual’s life. At this time our main task is to study. We should stop thinking of anything else and concentrate on education. Education must be given the top priority. It is not a secret that student life is the best part of life. In this period of time students start their own life. All of them have the right to make their own decisions. At this period a student has to learn a lot of information from the books and other sources of info. It means that he or she should decide and determine main points in the life. Initially, the student becomes a person with his or her own way of looking at things. Student life is very useful because it prepares students for the real life. It means that student life is a life of learning. For the first time a person, either a girl or a boy prepares for the difficulties in the life. The atmosphere of this life is hardened. This life learns good manners and morality. In this period of time students form their world outlook. Being a student, he or she takes part in different competitions, tournaments and educational trips. During this period student learns and educates. That is why it is so important not to get into bad company however the temptation is great, it is very difficult to do but still possible. To tell you the truth, everything depends from the person. But in spite of the fact, the student life is a golden period of every person.

Life Is Too Easy for People Essay

That depends entirely on the young person, some are very challenged and some are not and the way this affects them varies from individual to individual. No doubt some, through no fault of their own are very understimulated and could achieve more with a bit more pressure, some are also overstimulated and might achieve more if the entire world backed off and left them alone for a little bit. Take for example the young person in the UK who wants to go to university – their path is pretty much mapped out and loans are guaranteed. They can have a pretty easy time of it all the way up to graduation and get by (if they choose) without ever being really stretched in life (although if they leave Chipping Sodbury Technical College with a third class degree in wine tasting and a 50k debt it will catch up with them pretty rapidly). On the other side of things take the young person who wants to learn a trade, buy a house and raise a family. Apprenticeships are hard to come by and do not offer a living wage while starter house prices in many areas stand at fifteen years of tradesman’s wages before tax. This is not an easy start in life by anyone’s estimation. The only thing for certain is that our current state of affairs was largely influenced by the economic and social policies of our forebears which leaves me a little unsure who has the right to moan about the situation even if young people do, broadly speaking, have an easier time nowadays.

Assessment criteria in the standards Essay

1. Define person-centred values (1.1.1) Person-centred values include: Treating people as individuals for example give the resident choice what they want to wear, to eat, where they want to be, if they want go shopping. Taking account choices, wishes and desires. Supporting people to access their rights by giving them information about choices that they have, and helping them to understand. Supporting people to exercise choice in every day live activity Treating people with dignity and respect in there decisions by involving as few staff member as possible during the personal hygiene, closing the doors and curtains, knocking on the door. Recognising that working with people is a partnership rather than a relationship controlled by professionals 2. Explain why it is important to work in a way that embeds person centred values (1.1.2) see more:explain factors that contribute to the wellbeing of an individual It is important to work in these ways, to meet the needs of the individual to improve self esteem and confidence. To provide the best possible quality care service by treating people as individual and respecting there choices. To ensure a good quality of life of the individual so they can feel like in there own homes, and take part or not in a activity, treat the individual as you would want to be treated 3. Describe how to find out the history, preferences, wishes and needs of an individual (2.2.1) Sources of information to find out the wishes and needs of an individual include asking: – the individual – family – friends – other carers – other professionals i.e. GP, social worker, nurse – referring to documents i.e. care plans, reports and other records. 4. Describe how to take into account the history, preferences, wishes and needs of an individual when planning care and support (2.2.2) When planning care and support we must appeal to documents i.e. care plans, reports and other records, involve person asking them, for example giving them choices about all aspects in there live eg: asking person hot or cold drinks, tea or coffee, ask every time. Also I can involve family and friends in decisions if needed, or take decision in the best interest of the individual. People wishes and choices may change so carers should be aware of that. 5. Explain how using an individual’s care plan contributes to working in a person-centred way (1.1.4) A Care Plan may be known by other names (e.g.: support plan, individual plan). It is the document where are detailed day to day requirements and preferences for care and support. It must included: Health, employment, education, social, religious and cultural. Using a individuals care plan means that I working towards the individuals choices and wishes because individuals should be involved in planning of there own care plan. 6. Define the term ‘consent’ (3.3.1) Consent is agreement to an action i.e. in social care agreeing to a bath or a shower, to medication, agreement to have details shared with others. 7. Explain the importance of gaining consent when providing care or support (3.3.2) It is important to gain consent so the person will feel comfortable and happy about the activity. If I gain the consent the individual will be more likely to co operate. Without consent the person may become distress and upset and this could provide dangerous situation when they can harm themselves or others Lack of consent could be construed as abuse i.e. forcing an individual to have a shower when they have not agreed. 8. Describe how to establish consent for an activity or action (3.3.3) Consent can be in different forms and includes: Verbal consent. This should involve the individual and language used mast be simple and recognisable by the individual. Communication should by checked be repeating the question. Any physical disease should be taken into account eg: deafness, vision problem. Written consent. The individual mast understand what are they signing for. Consent via a representative or advocate. 9. Explain what steps to take if consent cannot be readily established (3.3.3) Steps to take when consent cannot be established include: Not continuing with the task. Ask individual about the reason they not consenting. Find out if there is that can be solved straight away e.g. Person may not be ready, he may ask for another 5 minutes. Reporting to the supervisor or manager if the problem cannot be solved immediately. Recording the information in the daily care plan 10. Define what is meant by active participation (4.4.1) Active participation is a way of working that recognises an individual’s right to participate in the activities and relationships of everyday life as independently as possible; the individual is regarded as an active partner in their own care or support, rather than a passive recipient 11. Describe how active participation benefits an individual (4.4.1) Benefits include: Sense of well-being for the individual means that the person feel good about themselves. Sense of purpose on every day live. They can enjoy life Engagement in daily activity which give the person a sense of achievement an stimulation which can be physical and mental 12. Identify possible barriers  to active participation and describe ways of reducing them (4.4.2) †¢ Barriers include: †¢ issues over physical access †¢ lack of information in accessible formats †¢ emotional barriers such as lack of confidence †¢ professional support staff taking over †¢ family carers who find it hard to let go 13. Describe ways of encouraging active participation (4.4.4) Ways of encouraging participation include: – discussion and encouragement with the individual – providing useful information – using friends and family to encourage – ensuring appropriate activities – peer-group encouragement – persuasion techniques – highlighting the benefits of the activity 14. Identify ways of supporting an individual to make informed choices (5.5.1) Ways of supporting an individual to make informed choices include: – discussion with the individual or advocate – providing relevant information which is accessible and understandable e.g. It should be in a language that is understandable to that person. If the person that cannot read I may use pictures instead – guidance from friends or family – using an advocate or support service 15. Explain why risk taking can be part of an individual’s choices (5.5.2) Risk-taking means being aware of the potential hazards but still carrying on with the activity. I can reduce the risk so that person choice could by meet. For example when individual want make a cup of tea I will let him to take a cup, put a tea bag in cup, but I will fill the cup with hot water. 16. Explain how agreed risk assessment processes are used to support the right to make choices (5.5.2) Risk Assessment Processes include: Risk assessing in activity so that the potential risk can be identified, in this way we can look to reduce the risk. The person can make a choice about activity. In this way the person views and opinions are respected. All risk assessment should be recorded and reviewed 17. Explain why a worker’s personal views should not influence an individual’s choices (5.5.3) Personal views should not influence an individual’s choices because choices that other people make are not ours choices. Everyone needs to be able to make their own choice. 18. Describe how to support an individual to question or challenge decisions concerning them that are made by others (5.5.4) Support an individual to question or challenge decisions includes: Encourage questions and comments from the individual, making sure that they understand Give the individual time to speak and be prepared to listen what they want to say Assist the individual to ask for a second opinion, from somebody who can have more experience, information and advice(sign posting) Speak/refer the individual to a senior member of staff to discuss issues and way to solving them. If is necessary use the complaints procedure. 19. Explain how individual identity and self-esteem are linked with wellbeing (6.6.1) Individual identity is about who I am, my experiences, my beliefs, culture, religion. Self esteem is filing good about myself, being happy and content, having confidence. This two are linked to well being, because well being is about being happy with yourself and your life. 20. Describe attitudes and approaches that are likely to promote an individual’s wellbeing (6.6.2) Attitudes and approaches that are likely to promote an individual’s well-being include: Being treated as an individual so your choices are respected and acknowledged like some of the people don’t eat meat and we have to give them other choice which does not include meat. So it is treating people witch dignity and respect giving them choices. Good communication is needed so everybody understood each other. 21. Identify ways to contribute to an environment that promotes wellbeing (6.6.2) I have to be sure that environment is not to hot or not too cold. If it is too hot I can put a fan on. If it is too noisy I will look at ways to reduce the level of noise. If the individual does not like other person I will put him next to that person. They may be people that really like each other and I will encourage this friendship. Furnishing and decoration can be involved in a person wellbeing. I would ask the person what kind of decoration they like. I will make sure that chairs, bed are comfortable and what the person want. Once you have completed, your Learning Advisor will be able to cross reference the knowledge into UNIT 4222-207 of the diploma (EXCEPT 1.1.3)

Entourage: A Modern Portrait of Issues of the Hollywood Dream

The TV show â€Å"Entourage,† produced by HBO, shows the life of four friends who are catapulted into fame and fortune following the success of Vincent Chase. From the alleys of New York, they find themselves in a lifestyle filled with cars and women. The story recalls the challenges and successes of these four comrades, plus their manager, who takes on the jungle of Hollywood and attempts to maintain the bond that they grew up with. This show has indeed captured the attention of audiences, both from the lower and upper strata of the social hierarchy.One can argue that the appeal indeed of Entourage is universal as it attracts audiences from all types and kinds of social background. The secret of this TV series is simply, for it cleverly employs psychological crafting that balances preferences and expectations of people with varied backgrounds. In fact, it plays on the interest and fantasies of the viewers to create a world that defies not only the borders of morality and gend er, but more importantly the borders between social classes, as portrayed by the differences between the ‘simple’ world of some of the main characters and the Hollywood World of Vincent Chase.The Hollywood World vs. the ‘Ordinary’ World In the show, Vincent Chase represents the ultimate Hollywood dream: having a successful career, rich, famous, easy living, simply a celebrity. Here, his Hollywood World is portrayed as something tangible and yet hard to reach for ordinary people, or at least for those who are not as famous and as rich as he is. Commodities are not a problem in this kind of life. Even women and cars, two of the most precious commodities nowadays, are perceived as affordable goods that can be easily purchased every night and can be effortlessly thrown away the next morning.In addition, social gatherings seem to be a disease in the Hollywood World, merely infecting not only celebrities but all those who have the money and the access to the neve r-ending parties on bars and restaurants. It is ironic though, since celebrities most of the times have hectic schedules that do not allow them to party anymore either because they have no free time at all or they are too tired to do so. Nevertheless, in Entourage, Vince Chase and his friends are often living their lives to the fullest by attending as much gatherings as they want.These kinds of scenarios were mainly the bait of the show to attract its viewers. Apart from the ability of the show to relate to its viewers, its dynamic and even tempting projection of the good life is something truly fantastical, and often used as bait for viewers to have then hook to a show that portrays the life they desire. For example, Vincent’s character, as being portrayed in the story, was a sure hook for the audience whose main desire is to know or to get even just a glimpse of his Hollywood World. Not all TV shows promise this kind of excitement.This show caters the primary need of the au dience to ‘sneak in’ to the kind of world that probably most of them have dreamed of once at some point in their lives. It does not matter if in reality they really cannot achieve this Hollywood dream of becoming a Hollywood celebrity; what is more important for them is that they have the means to at least know and be exposed with the Hollywood World. However, the show does not portray all the time this one-day-millionaire-kind of living by Vincent Chase and his friends. It is actually one of the many good things about the show.Hollywood World is not projected as something perfect. It also has the downsides and the loops. For example, the main characters also experience money problems. There was an instance in the 2nd season when Eric, Vince’s best friend and sometimes-manager reminded him that they have already run out of funds- that they are ‘dead broke’. They had to then resort to selling their posh mansion as consequence of financing the movie Me dellian, which is the dream movie of Vince. Even in the midst of fame, they seem to be unable to save and accumulate, because of a very extravagant lifestyle.This characteristic of the show clearly manifests its knowledge about the differences in the lives of an ordinary person and a celebrity like Vincent Chase. However, the show is also conscious about the similarities of the two—that they are both human beings living in the same planet with the same needs and wants and emotions. The show portrayed the life of Vincent Chase as far different from the lives of others, but it never fails to remind its audience that Vincent Chase, just like all of them, is a man with no extraordinary powers like a superhero.He also feels pain sometimes, he can be hurt and wounded, he can be fooled and downed, he can be the same as the rest. What: Demonstration As was aforementioned, one of the greatest strengths of the show is its capacity to portray to its audience the ups and the downs of the Hollywood World. Entourage also emphasizes the idea that the Hollywood World has also its negative side. Whether made intentionally or not, the characters of Drama and Turtle serve as the neutralizers for the grandiosity of Hollywood World being portrayed in the show.Their characters are examples that indeed life in Hollywood is not always a good life. For example, Drama, the brother of Vincent who is foreshadowed eventually by the success of the latter, shows that he can also be a normal, ordinary person even if he is also living the Hollywood World. In the show, he is the cook and the fitness consultant of his half- brother Vincent. Although a celebrity himself, Drama is able to show to the audience how difficult it was to maintain a living in LA. He has to earn more by accepting small commercial offers and movie projects.Sometimes, he has to receive ‘charitable’ works fro his younger brother. There are also times he has to use the status of Vincent to get some proje cts for himself. Being a celebrity is something that should in fact be earned, and not a definite consequence of having money. This star treatment or celebrity status is something that cannot be instantly purchased or bought by any rich person. In the show, Vincent and Drama both have to work hard in order to sustain their statuses, be it financial or social.On the other hand, the main role of Turtle in the show is basically to drive the car of Vincent and to manage the issues of the mansion. In the show, Turtle although at times is parasitic to Vincent, is one of the most loyal and closest to the star. He is actually the supplier of marijuana for the all of them. Again, through the character of Turtle in the show, Entourage has set an irony for the Hollywood World. In the case of Turtle, it is his job that describes that Hollywood is not only for the rich or for the famous ones. It has something to do with ‘connection’.Turtle is not rich and famous and yet he manages t o live the life he basically wanted, simply because he is a friend of a rich, famous celebrity. This two aspects portrayed in the characters of Drama and Turtle lead to one conclusion—that the Hollywood World can be achieved through hard work or through ‘parasitic connections’, or through the use of both. How: Complication It can be noted that the show is promoting unknowingly to its audience a consumerist way of thinking. Exposing to the rich way living, the audience will most likely to be a dreamer of the Hollywood life which they might not afford to have.It is common indeed for the audience to find such interest in shows that features seemingly unreachable things, which is definitely evident in the show, as it boasts parties and lifestyle that is reserved for the moneyed. Adelman notes that Vince Chase and his four friends are constantly surrounded by different things that prove their affluence like fine-dining, the very constant and normal use of marijuana, e ndless supply of beautiful women, and a very active social life to boast all worldly possessions.Adelman also mentions that most of the locations are those that are not accessible to the ordinary person. The TV series presents to the audience a dream life that keeps them interested and wishful. As a result, the audience might produce this thinking that happiness can only be found through social gatherings, weeds, women, cars, mansions, and all sorts of commercialized things. In addition, The show Entourage builds of the American Dream – or what we believe to be the American Dream, which keeps on echoing the theme of the show: that all can succeed.Yet it is quite ironical that the show portrays success as something that can be attained through simple means – like being a movie star, even without employment or hard work. This shows the paradox of the American Dream, where instant fame and fortune is the motivation of many people. The series would play on that desire and dream of the audience, who would then see that these ordinary guys can achieve their dream life. The element of having characters from humble beginnings is a factor that is also considerable, as it establishes a kind of relationship and connection to the audience.Their background is very typical indeed, and they grew up together and went to Hollywood to pursue their dream. This is the dream of all Americans, and it is interesting for them to see that these characters are able to attain their dream for them. With this lurking idea of consumerism being projected in the show, Entourage still is being realistic with its story. For example, the problem with money shows that even a celebrity like Vince Chase experiences money problems like the ordinary person – something that most Americans encounter today with their credit lifestyle.This culture of finances reflects the attitude of Americans, who lives on credit and therefore constantly in the edge in their respective financial st andings. Yet this dilemma is in itself a paradoxical one, as the financial problem of the celebrity is shallow indeed, as it was merely due to the want of financing a film. Furthermore, the captured audience of the show Entourage is largely males, which again establishes the argument that the show is actually promoting sexism.The show clearly identifies to the male viewers, as it continually depicts a lifestyle that is desired by the male: the harem of women, the constant gambling, weed, and parties, the supply of cars and gadgets. These are things that portray a difference in the lifestyle of the male audience as it pictures their own dream lifestyle. Yet aside from this differentiation, the identification factor is strong, as the characters encounters problems and dilemmas experienced by the normal male.The love life for example of Vince Chase is one that is the dream of any male, while the other characters have their respective attitudes and eventually outcomes in their own love life. The problems of friendship, family, and finances are also something that guys can identify and relate with. The popularity of the show among females is similarly increasing, and it is because of class and gender estrangement that they do, as some would argue. The shows appeal to the women is that they would be able to enter the â€Å"man's head†, which is essentially a result of gender difference.Women can identify to the objectification of the female, and can relate with how women are treated as objects. The offer of a look at the male psyche can serve as motivation for women to hence watch the show. Apart from the elaboration of identification and difference of gender as reasons for the show's popularity and appeal, another very notable explanation is that theme and context of the show itself, which is Hollywood. Entourage is appealing to the viewer because it gives them a peak at something that they find glamorous and attractive.The movie industry and its celebrities have always fascinated and mesmerized the American audience, and Entourage gives this audience a view of the celebrity lifestyle. It acquaints the viewer with what occurs behind the camera, and the countless challenges that publicists, producers, and actors themselves have to go through. As the industry is exposed in the series, it is portrayed to not be as glamorous as the audience imagines it. Why: ImplicationThe success of television shows like Entourage would at the end of the day be dependent on how it capable it is to attract and sustain the interest of the audience. The rationale for the popularity of reality shows is that it is in theory â€Å"real†. Yet these supposed realities are increasing becoming unreal and concocted, which is why the audience is continually searching for shows and series that they can relate with. The show Entourage reaches out to the audience, plays on their consciousness and desires, to keep attention to the series.However, Entourage is also portraying the image of the Hollywood dream in the psyche of the audience. It might be unintentional but the audience is actually forming in their minds the idea or thinking that Hollywood is indeed the best place on Earth. That it is the sole place where they can find all sort of things that will caters to all their desires and needs. The audience should be intelligent enough not to be easily affected with this kind of manipulations that are now being used by TV producers and media practitioners in attracting and gaining audience.